TAILIEUCHUNG - Internet Filters A Public Policy Report

Every new technology brings with it both excitement and anxiety. No sooner was the Internet upon us in the 1990s than anxiety arose over the ease of accessing pornography and other controversial content. In response, entrepreneurs soon developed filtering products. By the end of the decade, a new industry had emerged to create and market Internet filters. These filters were highly imprecise. The problem was intrinsic to filtering technology. The sheer size of the Internet meant that identifying potentially offensive content had to be done mechanically, by matching “key” words and phrases; hence, the blocking of Web sites for “Middlesex County,”. | MARJORIE HEINS CHRISTINA CHO AND ARIEL FELDMAN Internet Filters A PUBLIC POLICY REPORT SECOND EDITION FULLY REVISED AND UPDATED WITH A NEW INTRODUCTION BRENNAN CENTER FORJ LISTICE AT NYU SCHOOL OF LAW BRENNAN CENTER FORJ LIST ICE AT NYU SCHOOL OF LAW The Brennan Center for Justice founded in 1995 unites thinkers and advocates in pursuit of a vision of inclusive and effective democracy. The Free Expression Policy Project founded in 2000 provides research and advocacy on free speech copyright and media democracy issues. FEPP joined the Brennan Center in 2004. Michael Waldman Executive Director Deborah Goldberg Director Democracy Program Marjorie Heins Coordinator Free Expression Policy Project The Brennan Center is grateful to the Robert Sterling Clark Foundation the Nathan Cummings Foundation the Rockefeller Foundation and the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts for support of the Free Expression Policy Project. Thanks to Kristin Glover Judith Miller Neema Trivedi Samantha Frederickson Jon Blitzer and Rachel Nusbaum for research assistance. 2006. This work is covered by a Creative Commons Attribution No Derivatives Noncommercial License. It may be reproduced in its entirety as long as the Brennan Center for Justice Free Expression Policy Project is credited a link to the Project s Web site is provided and no charge is imposed. The report may not be reproduced in part or in altered form or if a fee is charged without our permission except of course for fair use . Please let us know if you reprint. Cover illustration 2006 Lonni Sue Johnson Contents Executive Summary. i Introduction To The Second Edition The Origins of Internet Filtering. 1 The Children s Internet Protection Act CIPA . 2 Living with CIPA. 4 Filtering Studies During and After 2001. 7 The Continuing Challenge. 8 I. The 2001 Research Scan Updated Over- And Underblocking By Internet Filters America Online Parental Controls. 9 Bess. 10 ClickSafe. 14 Cyber Patrol. 14 Cyber Sentinel. 21 CYBERsitter. 22

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