TAILIEUCHUNG - Chapter 125. Health Care–Associated Infections

The costs of hospital-acquired (nosocomial) and other health care– associated infections are great. It is estimated that these infections affect 2 million patients, cost $ billion, and contribute to 88,000 deaths in . hospitals annually. Efforts to lower infection risks have been challenged by the growing numbers of immunocompromised patients, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, fungal and viral superinfections, and invasive devices and procedures. Nevertheless, evidence-based guidelines for prevention and control are available (Table 125-1); according to some estimates, consistent application of these guidelines may reduce the risk of health care–associated infection by more than one-third, and the growing viewpoint of consumer. | Chapter 125. Health Care-Associated Infections The costs of hospital-acquired nosocomial and other health care-associated infections are great. It is estimated that these infections affect 2 million patients cost billion and contribute to 88 000 deaths in . hospitals annually. Efforts to lower infection risks have been challenged by the growing numbers of immunocompromised patients antibiotic-resistant bacteria fungal and viral superinfections and invasive devices and procedures. Nevertheless evidence-based guidelines for prevention and control are available Table 125-1 according to some estimates consistent application of these guidelines may reduce the risk of health care-associated infection by more than one-third and the growing viewpoint of consumer advocates is that almost all such infections are preventable. This chapter reviews health care-acquired and devicerelated infections and the basic surveillance prevention control and treatment activities that have been developed to deal with these problems. Table 125-1 Sources of Infection-Control Guidance and Oversight Web Site Orga nizati on Role Major Constitue nts JCAH Regul Hospitals O atory long-term-care facilities laboratori es CAP Regul Laboratori atory es OSH Regul Workers A atory CMS Regul Medicare form atory Medicaid erly HCFA CDC providers DHQ Advis Health P ory care facilities and a href http title Linkification http http a a href http title Linkification http http a a href http title Linkification http http a a href http title Linkification http http a a href http ncidod dhqp title Linkification http ncidod dhqp http personnel ncidod dhqp a HIC PAC Advis Health a ory care href http ncidod dhqp hicpac_charte facilities title Linkification and .

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