TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo sinh học : "The genetics of gender and life span"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về sinh học được đăng trên tạp chí sinh học Journal of Biology đề tài: The genetics of gender and life span. | Journal of Biology BioMed Central Minireview The genetics of gender and life span John Tower and Michelle Arbeitman Address Molecular and Computational Biology Program Department of Biological Sciences University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089-2910 UsA. Correspondence John Tower. Email jtower@ Published 29 April 2009 Journal of Biology 2009 8 38 doi jbioll4l The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http content 8M 38 2009 BioMed Central Ltd Abstract Several possible and potentially overlapping genetic mechanisms have been suggested to explain differences in life span between males and females. Two recent papers in BMC Evolutionary Biology on the effects of inbreeding provide additional insight into the genetic architecture underlying life span differences between genders in two different insects. Differences in life span between males and females are commonly observed across many species. For example where the heterogametic sex XY sex chromosomes is male as in humans and Drosophila females tend to live longer than males. Similarly in Caenorhabditis elegans where the hermaphrodite has two X chromosomes XX and the male has one XO the hermaphrodite tends to live longer. In contrast in most bird species where the heterogametic sex is female ZW sex chromosomes males tend to live longer than females. Genetic and environmental interventions that affect life span tend to have a greater effect in one sex than the other 1 2 . For example reduced insulin insulin-like growth factor 1 IGF-1 signaling and dietary restriction tend to increase life span more in females than males in Drosophila and mammals whereas mild stress tends to increase life span more in males than in females at least in Drosophila 3 . Quantitative genetic analyses have revealed a different genetic architecture of life span in males versus females. For example quantitative trait loci QTLs that affect life span are often .

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