TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo sinh học: "The proximate determinants of insect size"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về sinh học được đăng trên tạp chí sinh học Journal of Biology đề tài: The proximate determinants of insect size. | J. Biol. Journal of Biology BioMed Central Minireview The proximate determinants of insect size Joseph Parker and Laura A Johnston Address Department of Genetics and Development College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University 701 West 168th Street New York NY 10032 USA. Correspondence Joseph Parker. Email jp2488@ Laura A Johnston. Email lj180@ Published 2 August 2006 Journal of Biology 2006 5 15 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http content 5 5 15 2006 BioMed Central Ltd. Abstract One of the least understood aspects of animal development - the determination of body size -is currently the subject of intense scrutiny. A new study employs a modeling approach to expose the factors that matter in the control of insect size. When we think of a specific animal species most often we picture a creature of a particular size giraffes are of a certain stature - larger than geckos and larger again than grasshoppers. But if we were to measure some adult giraffes we would see they tended to differ in size. This is because genetic differences between individuals contribute to disparities in body size and also because size is a particularly phe-notypically plastic attribute - that is a trait subject to non-heritable environmentally induced variation. As a consequence we should really think of a species as displaying a characteristic size range or distribution rather than a characteristic size per se. Why then does an animal species exhibit a distinct size range This question has two answers the first of which is evolutionary and invokes the selective forces that shaped the species body-size distribution. These are many including physiological factors biomechanical constraints sexual selection fecundity and multiple aspects of ecology. Body size is a significant correlate of fitness and there is a wealth of literature on this subject for a variety of species see 1 2 and references therein .

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