TAILIEUCHUNG - Detector

A detector is used in receiver circuits to recognize the presence of signals. Typically a diode or similar device is used as a detector. | DETECTORS A detector is used in receiver circuits to recognize the presence of signals. Typically a diode or similar device is used as a detector. Since this type of detector is unable to distinguish frequency they may be preceded by a narrow band-pass filter. A typical simplistic circuit is shown in Figure 1. V o Figure 1. Typical Diode Detector Circuit Coarse Detector Output To integrate a pulse radar signal we can add capacitance to the circuit in parallel with the output load RL to store energy and decrease the bleed rate. Figure 2 shows a typical input output waveform which detects the envelope of the pulse radar signal. From this information pulse width and PRF characteristics can be determined for the RWR UDF comparison. Shaped Output pw - T PRI 1 PRF Figure 2. Demodulated Envelope Output When the diode is reverse biased very little current passes through unless the reverse breakdown voltage is exceeded. When forward biased and after exceeding the cut-in voltage the diode begins to conduct as shown in Figure 3. At low voltages it first operates in a square law region. Detectors operating in this region are known as small signal type. If the voltage is higher the detector operates in a linear region and is known as the large signal type. The power voltage characteristics for a typical diode detector is shown in Figure 4. Square Law Detector In the square law region the output voltage Vo is proportional to the square of the input voltage Vi thusVo is proportional to the input power. Vo nVi2 nPi or Pi Vo Where n is the constant of proportionality Figure 3. Diode Electrical Characteristics Linear Detector In the linear detection region the output voltage is given by Vo mV andsinceP V2 R Pi Vo2 Where m is the constant of proportionality Log Detector Amplifier Another type of detector arrangement is the Log detector amplifier circuit shown in Figure 5. It is formed by using a series of amplifiers and diode detectors. Due to the nature of the amplifier diode

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