TAILIEUCHUNG - Air Pollution Economics - Health Costs of Air Pollution in the Greater Sydney Metropolitan Region

For example, a recent NSW EPA (2002) study of air toxics in the GMR found that ‘most air toxic levels in NSW are low and well below current international standards and benchmarks.’ This study also noted that concentrations of benzene and 1,3-butadiene at some sites, such as the Sydney central business district (CBD), are ‘present at concentrations which approached, but did not exceed, the goals for these substances’, and concentrations of PAHs in the Sydney CBD are ‘in the vicinity of’ proposed international goals for these pollutants (NSW EPA, 2002). The health effects of air toxics, as discussed below,. | Air Pollution Economics Health Costs of Air Pollution in the Greater Sydney Metropolitan Region Department of Environment and Conservation NSW Acknowledgments The NSW Department of Environment and Conservation has prepared this report with contributions from the following Dr Geoff Morgan Southern Cross Institute of Health Research Dr Bin Jalaludin South Western Sydney Area Health Service University of Western Sydney Dr Vicky Sheppeard NSW Health Centre for International Economics Environment Protection Authority Victoria peer review . Published by Department of Environment and Conservation NSW 59-61 Goulburn Street PO Box A290 Sydney South 1232 Phone 02 9995 5000 switchboard Phone 131 555 environment information and publications requests Phone 1300 361 967 national parks information and publications requests Fax 02 9995 5999 TTY 02 9211 4723 Email info@ Website ISBN 1 74137 736 6 DEC 2005 623 November 2005 Printed on recycled paper CONTENTS 1. . Why calculate the health costs of air pollution .1 . Purpose and . 2. Air pollution in the . Ambient air quality in the . Sources of 3. The health effects of air . Epidemiology and health . . Physical effects of air . Summary of health 4. Exposure-response estimates for the . Exposure-response estimates for the . Uncertainty in quantifying and applying exposure-response estimates . 24 5. How are health costs valued .26 . Valuing health . Health cost of air . Health cost valuation methods used in this study . 34 6. Estimating the health cost of urban air . The at least . Steps in the estimation. 40 . Results. 43 . Sensitivity analysis. 44 . Allocating health costs to specific sources . 45 7. 8. Appendix 1 Health .

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