TAILIEUCHUNG - Assessment of Planetary Protection Requirements for Spacecraft Missions to Icy Solar System Bodies

NASA’s exploration of planets and satellites over the past 50 years has led to the discovery of water ice throughout the solar system and prospects for large liquid water reservoirs beneath the frozen shells of icy bodies in the outer solar system. These putative subsurface oceans could provide an environment for prebiotic chemistry or a habitat for indigenous life. During the coming decades, NASA and other space agencies will send flybys, orbiters, subsurface probes, and, possibly, landers to these distant worlds in order to explore their geologic and chemical context and the possibility of extraterrestrial life. Because of their potential to harbor alien life, NASA will. | THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS Assessment of Planetary Protection Oil Requirements for sPacecraft Missions to Icy Solar System Bodies Assessment of Planetary Protection Requirements for Spacecraft Missions to Icy Solar System Bodies Committee on Planetary Protection Standards for Icy Bodies in the Outer Solar System Space Studies Board Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THE national academies THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS Washington . THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street NW Washington DC 20001 NOTICE The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences the National Academy of Engineering and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This study is based on work supported by Contract NNH06CE15B between the National Academy of Sciences and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Any opinions findings conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency that provided support for the project. International Standard Book Number-13 978-0-309-25675-9 Copies of this report are available free of charge from Space Studies Board National Research Council 500 Fifth Street NW Washington DC 20001 Additional copies of this report are available from the National Academies Press 500 Fifth Street NW Keck 360 Washington DC 20001 800 624-6242 or 202 334-3313 http . Copyright 2012 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of .

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