TAILIEUCHUNG - Bioenergy a carbon accounting time bomb

The movement to reform the SNA has arisen because the accounts as now defined do not include the full economic value of environmental resources or the role which they play in productive activity. Some of the elements missing from the accounts include: · Environmental expenditures. Expenditures to protect the environment from harm, or to mitigate that harm, cannot not be identified from the data in the accounts. Such expenditures include the costs incurred to prevent environmental harm, such as pollution control equipment purchased by factories or catalytic converters in cars. They also include the costs of remedying that harm; medical expenses, replacement of property destroyed in landslides caused. | 3 4 7 10 Background a carbon accounting time bomb Carbon debt of woody biomass Carbon laundering biofuels and indirect land use change Conclusions and solutions Background a carbon accounting time bomb The European Union EU established a 20 target for renewable energy use by 2020 and a 10 target for renewables in the transport sector by 2020. Bioenergy including solid biomass and waste is expected to represent 60 of the EU s renewable energy use and biofuels is expected to cover most of the 10 renewable energy use in transport. Widely perceived as carbon neutral new studies reveal that these policies could be increasing emissions compared to fossil fuels. Two studies commissioned by BirdLife International EEB and T E show that Europe has a major carbon accounting problem threatening the credibility of two flagship EU environmental policies the Renewable Energy Directive RED and the Emissions Trading Scheme. Under EU accounting rules burning bioenergy is considered to be carbon neutral despite the release of significant greenhouse gas GHG emissions in the short-medium term turning bioenergy into a misguided policy tool for achieving emissions reductions. The best available scientific evidence shows that the carbon costs of many bioenergy options are high. Bioenergy causes losses of carbon to the atmosphere from vegetation and soils when biomass is harvested. And biofuels cause losses of carbon to the atmosphere when land is converted - either directly or indirectly - to meet the increased demand for agricultural crops. Two principle gaps exist in the current accounting scheme for GHG emissions from bioenergy and biofuels one temporal and one spatial in nature Carbon debt. Harvesting forest biomass and associated management changes and conversion of land releases immediate and significant GHG emissions - creating a carbon debt - that can take decades or even centuries to repay through recapture in soils and vegetation. The time element is ignored under EU law which .

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