TAILIEUCHUNG - Biodiesel Feedstocks and Processing Technologies Part 7

Tham khảo tài liệu 'biodiesel feedstocks and processing technologies part 7', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Eco-Physiological Barriers and Technological Advances for Biodiesel Production from Microalgae 169 appropriate method. Acoustic focusing hybrid capacitive deionization or electrophoresis and use of novel materials for conventional membranes and flocculent systems are amongst the range of new innovative strategies that are currently under investigation Cheng Ogden 2011 . 6. Biomass conversion to biodiesel Lipid extraction and biodiesel formation from microalgal biomass Conventional methodologies for lipid extraction involve the use of toxic organic solvents such as chloroform methanol and hexane. While the solvent extraction process is effective it is difficult to adopt on a large scale. Novel methods for lipid extraction involve technologies such as acoustics sonication the use of mesoporous nanomaterials and amphiphilic solvents Cheng Ogden 2011 . Super critical fluid extraction has been reported to be safer and faster than the conventional solvent extractions Andrich et al. 2005 . Another technique of milking microalgae manipulates the hydrophobicity of the solvent system which allows the extraction of lipids from living algal cells. A flat panel two-phase bioreactor designed by Hejazi Wijffels 2004 was used in the milking process for Dunaliella salina production. In this process microalgal cells grown under optimal growth conditions are stressed by excess light to stimulate the production of P-carotene which is then extracted from the cells using lipophilic compounds. Important considerations for application of this milking process includes a cell wall and membrane properties of the microalgal strain b location and accumulation of the product inside the cell and c biocompatibility and chemical properties of the solvent used for the milking process Hejazi Wijffels 2004 . Lipid conversion to biodiesel can easily be achieved by chemical trans-esterification enzymatic conversion and catalytic cracking. Chemically biodiesel is comprised of monoalkyl esters of .

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