TAILIEUCHUNG - Materials for the Hydrogen Economy (2009) Part 2

Tham khảo tài liệu 'materials for the hydrogen economy (2009) part 2', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 6 Materials for the Hydrogen Economy Fe2O3 3 H2 2 Fe 3 H2O Iron produced by the direct reduction of iron oxide is called direct reduced iron DRI and is typically made using natural gas. Two gasification facilities are designed to use H2 and CO one has been in operation since May 1999 Saldanha Steel near Cape Town South Africa the other is under construction in South Korea. These DRI facilities are designed to be syngas fuel flexible capable of using syngas CO and H2 combinations ranging from 100 CO to 100 H2. In general the main syngas uses include CO and H2 for chemical production or energy production H2 for chemical and refinery processing and H2 N2 and CO2 for fertilizer manufacture. The generation of chemicals is the predominant application for syngas followed by power applications. Syngas CO and H2 are considered good precursor materials for petrochemicals and agricultural products. Syngas produced from natural gas or coal is used in the manufacture of acetic acid oxy-alcohols isocyanates plastics and fibers. As with other carbon feedstock heavier hydrocarbon material generated as a by-product or as a bottom material from petroleum refining environmentally sensitive materials that are difficult to find applications for is easily and economically processed by gasification into CO and H2 used in the manufacture of high-value chemicals and Varying amounts of V and Ni heavy metals in the petroleum by-products or heavy fractions are converted during gasification into slag or high-value marketable products. Petroleum refineries have generated increasing amounts of these materials as the crude they process tends toward heavier oil and oil of higher sulfur content. Refineries have also had greater demand for H2 a key material used by hydrocrackers to make lighter and cleaner fuels from low-quality oils and a necessary material in fuel cells or a H2 economy. This demand has been met through gasification not through catalytic reformers. The trend worldwide is .

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