TAILIEUCHUNG - Chapter 085. Neoplasms of the Lung (Part 5)

Clinical Manifestations Lung cancer gives rise to signs and symptoms caused by local tumor growth, invasion or obstruction of adjacent structures, growth in regional nodes through lymphatic spread, growth in distant metastatic sites after hematogenous dissemination, and remote effects of tumor products (paraneoplastic syndromes) (Chaps. 96 and 97). Although 5–15% of patients with lung cancer are identified while they are asymptomatic, usually as a result of a routine chest radiograph or through the use of screening CT scans, most patients present with some sign or symptom. Central or endobronchial growth of the primary tumor may cause cough, hemoptysis, wheeze and. | Chapter 085. Neoplasms of the Lung Part 5 Clinical Manifestations Lung cancer gives rise to signs and symptoms caused by local tumor growth invasion or obstruction of adjacent structures growth in regional nodes through lymphatic spread growth in distant metastatic sites after hematogenous dissemination and remote effects of tumor products paraneoplastic syndromes Chaps. 96 and 97 . Although 5-15 of patients with lung cancer are identified while they are asymptomatic usually as a result of a routine chest radiograph or through the use of screening CT scans most patients present with some sign or symptom. Central or endobronchial growth of the primary tumor may cause cough hemoptysis wheeze and stridor dyspnea and postobstructive pneumonitis fever and productive cough . Peripheral growth of the primary tumor may cause pain from pleural or chest wall involvement dyspnea on a restrictive basis and symptoms of lung abscess resulting from tumor cavitation. Regional spread of tumor in the thorax by contiguous growth or by metastasis to regional lymph nodes may cause tracheal obstruction esophageal compression with dysphagia recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis with hoarseness phrenic nerve paralysis with elevation of the hemidiaphragm and dyspnea and sympathetic nerve paralysis with Horner s syndrome enophthalmos ptosis miosis and ipsilateral loss of sweating . Malignant pleural effusion often leads to dyspnea. Pancoast s or superior sulcus tumor syndrome results from local extension of a tumor growing in the apex of the lung with involvement of the eighth cervical and first and second thoracic nerves with shoulder pain that characteristically radiates in the ulnar distribution of the arm often with radiologic destruction of the first and second ribs. Often Horner s syndrome and Pancoast s syndrome coexist. Other problems of regional spread include superior vena cava syndrome from vascular obstruction pericardial and cardiac extension with resultant tamponade arrhythmia .

• Y học thường thức
• Neoplasms of the Lung
• bệnh học và điều trị
• bài giảng bệnh học
• tài liệu y khoa
• Harrisons Internal Medicine
• BMC Cancer
• Bone metastases
• Stereotactic radiotherapy
• Neoplasm metastasis
• Lung neoplasms
• Prostatic neoplasms
• Breast neoplasms
• Multivariate analysis
• Bone neoplasms
• Orthopedic surgery
• Lung cancer
• Atlas of pulmonary cytopathology
• Benign lung neoplasms
• Malignant lung neoplasms
• Unusual and metastatic lesions
• Metastatic lesions
• Colorectal neoplasms
• Molecular targeted therapy
• Molecular diagnostics
• Chest radiology
• Upper lung disease
• Peripheral lung disease
• Unilateral hyperlucent hemithorax
• Congenital lung disease
• BMC Pulmonary Medicine
• Diagnostic yields
• Transbronchial lung biopsy
• Radial probe endobronchial ultrasound
• Specific therapeutic interventions
• Multivariate logistic regression model
• Factors significantly