TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: Regulation of DNA fragmentation: the role of caspases and phosphorylation

DNA fragmentation is a hallmark of apoptosis that is induced by apopto-tic stimuli in various cell types. Apoptotic signal pathways, which eventu-ally cause DNA fragmentation, are largely mediated by the family of cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease caspases. | IFEBS Journal REVIEW ARTICLE Regulation of DNA fragmentation the role of caspases and phosphorylation Ikuko Kitazumi and Masayoshi Tsukahara Bio Process Research and Development Laboratories Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co. Ltd Gunma Japan Keywords apoptosis caspase DNA fragmentation okadaic acid phosphorylation Correspondence M. Tsukahara Bio Process Research and Development Laboratories Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co. Ltd 100-1 Hagiwara Takasaki Gunma 370-0013 Japan Fax 81 27 353 7400 Tel 81 27 353 7382 E-mail Received 10 September 2010 revised 18 November 2010 accepted 26 November 2010 doi DNA fragmentation is a hallmark of apoptosis that is induced by apopto-tic stimuli in various cell types. Apoptotic signal pathways which eventually cause DNA fragmentation are largely mediated by the family of cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease caspases. Caspases mediate apoptotic signal transduction by cleavage of apoptosis-implicated proteins and the caspases themselves. In the process of caspase activation reversible protein phosphorylation plays an important role. The activation of various proteins is regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation both upstream and downstream of caspase activation. Many kinases phosphata-ses are involved in the control of cell survival and death including the mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathways. Reversible protein phosphorylation is involved in the widespread regulation of cellular signal transduction and apoptotic processes. Therefore phosphatase kinase inhibitors are commonly used as apoptosis inducers inhibitors. Whether protein phosphorylation induces apoptosis depends on many factors such as the type of phosphorylated protein the degree of activation and the influence of other proteins. Phosphorylation signaling pathways are intricately interrelated it was previously shown that either induction or inhibition of phosphorylation causes cell death. .

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