TAILIEUCHUNG - Handbook of Corrosion Engineering Episode 1 Part 11

Tham khảo tài liệu 'handbook of corrosion engineering episode 1 part 11', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Corrosion Failures 349 In practice materials used for their strength are the most susceptible to suffer from SCC problems when some environmental elements render them vulnerable. Such vulnerability exists for stainless steels when chloride ions are present in the environment even at very low concentrations. Unfortunately the term stainless steel is sometimes interpreted too literally. Structural engineers need to be aware that stainless steels are certainly not immune to corrosion damage and can be particularly susceptible to localized corrosion damage and SCC. The austenitic stainless steels mainly UNS S30400 and UNS S31600 are used extensively in the construction industry. The development of SCC in S30400 bars on which a concrete ceiling was suspended in a swimming pool building had disastrous consequences. In May 1985 the heavy ceiling in a swimming pool located in Uster Switzerland collapsed with fatal consequences14 after 13 years of service. The failure mechanism was established to be transgranular SCC as illustrated in Fig. . The presence of a tensile stress was clearly created in the stainless rods by the weight of the ceiling. Chloride species dispersed into the atmosphere together with thin moisture films in all likelihood represented the corrosive environment. A characteristic macroscopic feature of the failed stainless steel rods was the brittle nature of the SCC fractures with essentially no ductility displayed by the material in this failure mode. Subsequent to this failure further similar incidents fortunately without fatalities have been reported in the United Kingdom Germany Denmark and Sweden. Although chloride-induced SCC damage is recognized as a common failure mechanism in stainless steels a somewhat surprising element of these failures is that they occurred at room temperature. As a general rule of thumb it has often been assumed that chloride-induced SCC in these alloys is not a practical concern at temperatures below 60 C. Under the .

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