TAILIEUCHUNG - Distribution and Storage of Toxicants

Identify the ways toxicants are distributed in the body. • Recognize the relationship between route of absorption and pathway for distribution. • Describe factors affecting distribution. • Define volume of distribution. • List storage sites. • Discuss how storage influences toxicant half-life. • Review case studies and model of storage and distribution. | Distribution and Storage of Toxicants Principles of Environmental Toxicology Instructor Gregory Möller . University of Idaho Principles of Environmental Toxicology Learning Objectives Identify the ways toxicants are distributed in the body. Recognize the relationship between route of absorption and pathway for distribution. Describe factors affecting distribution. Define volume of distribution. List storage sites. Discuss how storage influences toxicant half-life. Review case studies and model of storage and distribution. 2 Principles of Environmental Toxicology Absorption Distribution Absorption through skin lung or intestinal tissue is followed by passage into the interstitial fluid. NLM - Interstitial fluid 15 intracellular fluid 40 Blood plasma 8 . Toxicant is absorbed and enters the lymph or blood supply and is mobilized to other parts of the body. Toxicant can enter local tissue cells. 3 Principles of Environmental Toxicology Distribution Lymphatic system. - Lymph capillaries nodes tonsils spleen thymus lymphocytes. - Drains fluid from systems. - Slow circulation. Cardiovascular system. - Heart arterial and venous vessels capillaries blood. - Fast circulation. Major distribution by blood. 4 Principles of Environmental Toxicology Blood System Major toxicant transport medium Erythrocytes. - Red blood cells. Leukocytes. Human serum albumin - White blood cells. Platelets. - Thrombocytes. Plasma. - Non-cellular fluid. 5 Principles of Environmental Toxicology Entering the Bloodstream Where a toxicant enters the bloodstream affects the toxicity. - Digestive system. Portal vein carries toxicants to the liver a major site for detoxication. - Respiratory system. Directly into pulmonary circulation. Particulates can slowly migrate through lymph system. - Percutaneous. Enters the peripheral blood supply and can impact tissues far away. 6 1 Principles of Environmental Toxicology Factors Affecting Distribution Physical or chemical properties of the toxicant. .

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