TAILIEUCHUNG - Safety at Work 6 E Part 5

Tham khảo tài liệu 'safety at work 6 e part 5', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Risk management organisation and administration for safety 215 McGregor11 defined two sets of assumptions about human nature using them to explain how people influence the behaviour of others and in particular how managers view their employees. Theory X was a carrot and stick approach to achieving high levels of productivity. Workers either were bribed or threatened and frequently a mixture of both to get them to achieve the work required. Specific targets for work were set and additional money paid if these targets were exceeded. Conversely a failure to meet the standard targets would result in disciplinary action. Theory Y on the other hand assumed people were not inherently lazy and materialistic but eager to achieve goals and take pride in their activity. A more participative style of organisation based on high standards and expectations placed on employees resulted. A typical list of Theory X and Theory Y characteristics are produced in Figure . Herzberg12 developed a theory of job motivation based upon two dimensions - Hygiene and Motivation. Hygiene factors covering such matters as poor company policies poor supervision and poor working conditions made employees unhappy in their work. Addressing hygiene factors reduced job dissatisfaction but contrariwise while eliminating the dissatisfier factors it did not produce a state of positive satisfaction. To achieve this latter aim required a completely different set of Motivating factors which included achievement recognition for 216 Safety at Work Theory X traditional Theory Y potential people are naturally lazy people are naturally active people work mostly for money and status people seek satisfaction from work and pride in achievement people expect and depend on direction from above people close to the situation are capable of self-direction people need to be pushed or driven people need to be managed and assisted Figure Adapted from McGregor Theory X and Theory Y assumptions about people Hygiene .

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