TAILIEUCHUNG - Silvola et al. EJNMMI Research 2011, 1:14 http://www.ejnmmires.com/content/1/1/14 ORIGINAL

Silvola et al. EJNMMI Research 2011, 1:14 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Open Access Uptake of 68gallium in atherosclerotic plaques in LDLR-/-ApoB100/100 mice Johanna MU Silvola1*, Iina Laitinen2, Henri J Sipilä1, V Jukka O Laine3, Pia Leppänen4, Seppo Ylä-Herttuala4, Juhani Knuuti1 and Anne Roivainen1,5 Abstract Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of artery wall characterized by infiltration of monocytes into subendothelial space and their differentiation into macrophages. Since rupture-prone plaques commonly contain high amounts of activated macrophages, imaging of the macrophage content may provide a useful tool for the evaluation of plaque vulnerability. The purpose of this study was to explore the uptake of 68 gallium (68Ga). | Silvola et al. EJNMMI Research 2011 1 14 http content 1 1 14 9 EJNMMI Research a SpringerOpen Journal ORIGINAL RESEARCH Open Access Uptake of 68gallium in atherosclerotic plaques in LDLR ApoB100 100 mice Johanna MU Silvola1 lina Laitinen2 Henri J Sipila1 V Jukka O Laine3 Pia Leppanen4 Seppo Yla-Herttuala4 Juhani Knuuti1 and Anne Roivainen1 5 Abstract Background Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of artery wall characterized by infiltration of monocytes into subendothelial space and their differentiation into macrophages. Since rupture-prone plaques commonly contain high amounts of activated macrophages imaging of the macrophage content may provide a useful tool for the evaluation of plaque vulnerability. The purpose of this study was to explore the uptake of 68gallium 68Ga in atherosclerotic plaques in mice. Methods Uptake of ionic 68Ga was investigated in atherosclerotic LDLR- -ApoB100 100 and C57BL 6N control mice at 3 h after injection. The ex vivo biodistribution of the 68Ga was assessed and autoradiography of aortic cryosections was defined. In vivo imaging of 68Ga was performed using a small animal positron emission tomography PET CT scanner. Results Our results revealed that the uptake of 68Ga-radioactivity was higher in atherosclerotic plaques than in healthy vessel wall ratio p and adventitia ratio p . The autoradiography signal co-localized with macrophages prominently as demonstrated by Mac-3 staining. ln both mice strains the highest level of radioactivity was found in the blood. Conclusions We observed a moderate but significantly elevated 68Ga-radioactivity uptake in the aortic plaques of atherosclerotic mice especially at the sites rich in macrophages. While the uptake of 68Ga was promising in this animal model the slow blood clearance may limit the usability of 68Ga as a PET tracer for clinical imaging of atherosclerotic plaques. Keywords atherosclerosis plaque autoradiography gallium-68

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