TAILIEUCHUNG - Research for Agricultural Sciences: " OPTIMAL HARVESTING METHODS TO REDUCE GRAIN LOSSES "

To determine post-harvest losses mainly due to the fact cracked rice, the data were collected systematically based on real farmers and also by experimentations in two seasons (wet 2006, dry 2007). 2007 wet season experiments are being pursued today. The main factors considered in this study during data collection are: • Harvest time before and after the seeds mature • Harvesting methods manual, harvesters, combine harvesters • drying method and cost-sun drying and mechanical drying | SECTION 1 OPTIMAL HARVESTING METHODS TO REDUCE GRAIN LOSSES RAINY 2006 AND DRY SEASONS 2007 5 Optimal harvesting methods to reduce grain losses Compilation of results from two consecutive seasons 2006-2007 In order to determine the actual post harvest losses mainly due to rice cracking the data was collected systematically based on the farmers practice and also by experimentations during two seasons rainy 2006 dry 2007 . The wet season 2007 experiments are being pursued currently. The main factors which were considered in this study during the collection of data were Harvesting time- before and after grain maturity Harvesting methods- manual reaper combined harvester Drying methods and cost of drying- sun drying and mechanical drying The behaviour of the rice grain to cracking will depend on the variety and season. Considering these factors the data were collected for 6 different varieties in 4 different locations of Mekong River Delta MRD . The type of the varieties chosen in the repeated season was not under our control because of the farmers practice to change the variety from one to another season. 1. Effect of harvesting time on the rice cracking and head rice yield Incorrect harvesting time is one of the major factors that cause the losses due to cracking. Cracking can develop in the field as a result of changes in grain moisture or moisture cycles after the rice matures due to hot sunny days followed by humid nights. The cracking behaviour of the rice in the field is expected to depend on the season due to the different patterns of temperature fluctuation during day and night degree and strength of sunshine and frequency of rain. During the rainy season the rice grain can develop cracks during the late maturity stage due to rewetting. At the same time during dry season it is likely that the grains over-dry if not harvested at the maturity. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of harvesting time on kernel cracking of some rice .

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