TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: Protein tyrosine phosphatases: functional inferences from mouse models and human diseases

Some 40-odd genes in mammals encode phosphotyrosine-specific, ‘classical’ protein tyrosine phosphatases. The generation of animal model systems and the study of various human disease states have begun to elucidate the important and diverse roles of protein tyrosine phosphatases in cellular sig-nalling pathways, development and disease. | MINIREVIEW Protein tyrosine phosphatases functional inferences from mouse models and human diseases Wiljan J. A. J. Hendriks1 Ari Elson2 Sheila Harroch3 and Andrew W. Stoker4 1 Department of Cell Biology Radboud University Nijmegen MedicalCentre The Netherlands 2 Department of Molecular Genetics The Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel 3 Department of Neuroscience Institut Pasteur Paris France 4 NeuralDevelopment Unit UCL Institute of Child Health London UK Keywords animal model autoimmune disorders cancer diabetes oncogene post-translationalmodification protein phosphorylation signal transduction transgenic mice tumour suppressor Correspondence W. J. A. J. Hendriks 283 CellBiology Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre Geert Grooteplein 28 6525 GA Nijmegen The Netherlands Fax 31 24 361 5317 Tel 31 24 361 4329 E-mail Received 27 October 2007 revised 7 December 2007 accepted 18 December 2007 doi Some 40-odd genes in mammals encode phosphotyrosine-specific classical protein tyrosine phosphatases. The generation of animal model systems and the study of various human disease states have begun to elucidate the important and diverse roles of protein tyrosine phosphatases in cellular signalling pathways development and disease. Here we provide an overview of those findings from mice and men and indicate several novel approaches that are now being exploited to further our knowledge of this fascinating enzyme family. Reversible tyrosine phosphorylation Research on how oncoviruses transform mammalian cells has led to the firm establishment of the tyrosinespecific phosphorylation of cellular proteins as a key signalling mechanism to evoke essential cell decisions for example proliferation and differentiation. Many viral oncogenes have in fact been found to represent hyperactive mutants of protein tyrosine kinases found in the genome and thus distort the delicate .

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