TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: Transcriptional and post-translational regulation of hyaluronan synthesi

Hyaluronan, a ubiquitous high-molecular-mass glycinoglycan on cell surfaces and in extracellular matrices, has a number of specific signaling functions in cell–cell communication. Changes in its content, molecular mass and turnover rate are crucial for cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis, processes that control tissue remodeling during embryonic devel-opment, inflammation, injury and cancer. | IFEBS Journal MINIREVIEW Transcriptional and post-translational regulation of hyaluronan synthesis Raija H. Tammi1 Alberto G. Passi2 Kirsi Rilla1 Evgenia Karousou2 Davide Vigetti2 Katri Makkonen1 and Markku I. Tammi1 1 University of Eastern Finland Biocenter Kuopio Finland 2 University of Insubria Varese Italy Keywords growth factors hyaluronan hyaluronan synthase monoubiquitination O-GlcNAcylation phosphorylation protein traffic transcription factors UDP-glucuronic acid UDP-N-acetylglucosamine Correspondence M. Tammi Institute of Biomedicine School of Medicine University of Eastern Finland PO Box 1627 FIN-70211 Kuopio Finland Fax 358 17 163032 Tel 358 40 7674826 E-mail tammi@ Received 22 October 2010 revised 14 January 2011 accepted 17 January 2011 doi Hyaluronan a ubiquitous high-molecular-mass glycinoglycan on cell surfaces and in extracellular matrices has a number of specific signaling functions in cell-cell communication. Changes in its content molecular mass and turnover rate are crucial for cell proliferation migration and apoptosis processes that control tissue remodeling during embryonic development inflammation injury and cancer. To maintain tissue homeostasis the synthesis of hyaluronan must therefore be tightly controlled. In this review we highlight some recent data on the transcriptional regulation of hyaluronan synthase Has1-3 expression and on the post-transcriptional control of hyaluronan synthase activity which in close association with the supply of the UDP-sugar substrates of hyaluronan synthase adjust the rate of hyaluronan synthesis. Introduction The synthesis of hyaluronan HA takes place in selected bacteria and Archaea including Gram-positive streptococci Streptococcus pyogenes S. equisimilis S. uberis and S. zooepidemicus and Gram-negative Pasteurella multocida and increases their virulence. HA appeared only about 500 Ma in chordates 1 . In mammals HA can be synthesized by three isoenzymes hyaluronan

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