TAILIEUCHUNG - Chapter 3: Hydrogenation

Hydrogenation is one of the most intensively studied fields of metal complex catalyzed homogeneous transformations. There are several reasons for such a strong interest in this reaction. First of all, there are numerous important compounds which can be produced through hydrogenation, such as pharmaceuticals, herbicides, flavors, fragrances, etc [1-3]. Activation of is involved in other important industrial processes, such as hydroformylation, therefore the mechanistic conclusions drawn from hydrogenation studies can be relevant in those fields, as well. is a rather reactive molecule and its reactions can be followed relatively easily with a number of widely available techniques spanning the. | Chapter 3 Hydrogenation Hydrogenation is one of the most intensively studied fields of metal complex catalyzed homogeneous transformations. There are several reasons for such a strong interest in this reaction. First of all there are numerous important compounds which can be produced through hydrogenation such as pharmaceuticals herbicides flavors fragrances etc 1-3 . Activation of H2 is involved in other important industrial processes such as hydroformylation therefore the mechanistic conclusions drawn from hydrogenation studies can be relevant in those fields as well. H2 is a rather reactive molecule and its reactions can be followed relatively easily with a number of widely available techniques spanning the range from simple gas uptake measurements to gas and liquid chromatography and H 13C etc. nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for product identification and quantification. From this aspect hydrogenation of simple olefinic substrates is a straightforward choice to check the catalytic activity of new complexes. Of course the analysis of complicated product mixtures or the detection and characterization of catalytically active intermediates formed from catalyst precursors often requires the use of sophisticated instrumental techniques such as various mass spectrometric methods and multinuclear multidimensional NMR spectroscopy a very useful development for the investigation of metal hydrides uses para-hydrogen induced polarization 4 . Historically hydrogenations were the first homogeneous metal complex catalyzed reactions where the reaction mechanisms could be studied in fine details 3 and later the hydrogenation of prochiral olefins served as the standard reaction for the development of enantioselective catalysts. It is not surprising that aqueous organometallic catalysis also started with studies on hydrogenation of water-soluble substrates such as maleic and fumaric acids with simple chlorocomplexes of platinum group metals RhCln H2O 3 n 5 and RuCln

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