TAILIEUCHUNG - Lab 10.3.5a Basic Subnetting

This lab exercise focuses on the basics of IP subnet masks and their use with TCP/IP networks. The subnet mask can be used to split up an existing network into subnetworks, or subnets. Some of the primary reasons for subnetting are the following: • Reduce the size of the broadcast domains, which creates smaller networks with less traffic • Allow LANs in different geographical locations to communicate through routers • Provide improved security by separating one LAN from another Routers separate subnets, and determine when a packet can go from one subnet to another. Each router a packet goes through is considered a hop | Cisco Svstems I Lab Basic Subnetting Objective How to identify reasons to use a subnet mask How to distinguish between a default subnet mask and a custom subnet mask What given requirements determine the subnet mask number of subnets and hosts per subnet What needs to be understood about useable subnets and useable numbers of hosts How to use the ANDing process to determine if a destination IP address is local or remote How to identify valid and invalid IP host addresses based on a network number and subnet mask Background Preparation This lab exercise focuses on the basics of IP subnet masks and their use with TCP IP networks. The subnet mask can be used to split up an existing network into subnetworks or subnets. Some of the primary reasons for subnetting are the following Reduce the size of the broadcast domains which creates smaller networks with less traffic Allow LANs in different geographical locations to communicate through routers Provide improved security by separating one LAN from another Routers separate subnets and determine when a packet can go from one subnet to another. Each router a packet goes through is considered a hop. Subnet masks help workstations servers and routers in an IP network determine if the destination host for the packet they want to send is on their own network or another network. This lab reviews the default subnet mask and then focuses on custom subnet masks. Custom subnet masks use more bits than the default subnet masks by borrowing these bits from the host portion of the IP address. This creates a three-part address The original network address The subnet address made up of the bits borrowed The host address made up of the bits left after borrowing some for subnets Step 1 Review the structure of IP addresses If an organization has a Class A IP network address the first octet or 8 bits is assigned and does not change. The organization can use the remaining 24 bits to define up to 16 777 214 hosts on its network. This .

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