TAILIEUCHUNG - Biochemistry, 4th Edition P64

Biochemistry, 4th Edition P64. Continuing Garrett and Grisham's innovative conceptual and organizing framework, "Essential Questions," BIOCHEMISTRY guides students through course concepts in a way that reveals the beauty and usefulness of biochemistry in the everyday world. Streamlined for increased clarity and readability, this edition also includes new photos and illustrations that show the subject matter consistently throughout the text. New end-of-chapter problems, MCAT practice questions, and the unparalleled text/media integration with the power of CengageNOW round out this exceptional package, giving you the tools you need to both master course concepts and develop critical problem-solving skills you can draw upon. | What Are Reduction Potentials and How Are They Used to Account for Free Energy Changes in Redox Reactions 593 a b FIGURE a A drawing of a mitochondrion with components labeled. b Tomography of a rat liver tubular structures in red yellow green purple and aqua represent individual cristae formed from the inner mitochondrial membrane. b Frey T. G. and Mannella C. A. internal structure of mitochondria. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 25 319-324. The smooth outer membrane is about 30 to 40 lipid and 60 to 70 protein and has a relatively high concentration of phosphatidylinositol. The outer membrane contains significant amounts of porin a transmembrane protein rich in -sheets that forms large channels across the membrane permitting free diffusion of molecules with molecular weights of about 10 000 or less. The outer membrane plays a prominent role in maintaining the shape of the mitochondrion. The inner membrane is richly packed with proteins which account for nearly 80 of its weight thus its density is higher than that of the outer membrane. The fatty acids of inner membrane lipids are highly unsaturated. Cardiolipin and diphosphatidylglycerol see Chapter 8 are abundant. The inner membrane lacks cholesterol and is quite impermeable to molecules and ions. Species that must cross the mitochondrial inner membrane ions substrates fatty acids for oxidation and so on are carried by specific transport proteins in the membrane. Notably the inner membrane is extensively folded Figure . The folds known as cristae provide the inner membrane with a large surface area in a small volume. During periods of active respiration the inner membrane appears to shrink significantly leaving a comparatively large intermembrane space. The Mitochondrial Matrix Contains the Enzymes of the TCA Cycle The space inside the inner mitochondrial membrane is called the matrix and it contains most of the enzymes of the TCA cycle and fatty acid oxidation. An .

• Sinh học
• Nền tảng của hóa sinh học
• trao đổi chất protein
• RNA trao đổi chất
• nguyên tắc của hóa sinh
• Axit amin
• công nghệ DNA