TAILIEUCHUNG - OCA /OCP Oracle Database 11g A ll-in-One Exam Guide- P38

OCA /OCP Oracle Database 11g A ll-in-One Exam Guide- P38:There is an ever increasing demand for staff with IT industry certification. The benefits to employers are significant—they can be certain that staff have a certain level of competence—and the benefits to the individuals, in terms of demand for their services, are equally great. Many employers are now requiring technical staff to have certifications, and many IT purchasers will not buy from firms that do not have certified staff. | OCA OCP Oracle Database 11g All-in-One Exam Guide 326 TIP DDL commands such as TRUNCATE will fail if there is any DML command active on the table. A transaction will block the DDL command until the DML command is terminated with a COMMIT or a ROLLBACK. EXAM TIP TRUNCATE completely empties the table. There is no concept of vS -X row selection as there is with a DELETE. One part of the definition of a table as stored in the data dictionary is the table s physical location. When first created a table is allocated a single area of space of fixed size in the database s datafiles. This is known as an extent and will be empty. Then as rows are inserted the extent fills up. Once it is full more extents will be allocated to the table automatically. A table therefore consists of one or more extents which hold the rows. As well as tracking the extent allocation the data dictionary also tracks how much of the space allocated to the table has been used. This is done with the high water mark. The high water mark is the last position in the last extent that has been used all space below the high water mark has been used for rows at one time or another and none of the space above the high water mark has been used yet. Note that it is possible for there to be plenty of space below the high water mark that is not being used at the moment this is because of rows having been removed with a DELETE command. Inserting rows into a table pushes the high water mark up. Deleting them leaves the high water mark where it is the space they occupied remains assigned to the table but is freed up for inserting more rows. Truncating a table resets the high water mark. Within the data dictionary the recorded position of the high water mark is moved to the beginning of the table s first extent. As Oracle assumes that there can be no rows above the high water mark this has the effect of removing every row from the table. The table is emptied and remains empty until subsequent insertions begin to push

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