TAILIEUCHUNG - Chapter 018. Fever and Rash (Part 3)

Confluent Desquamative Erythemas These eruptions consist of diffuse erythema frequently followed by desquamation. The eruptions caused by group A Streptococcus or Staphylococcus aureus are toxin mediated. Scarlet fever (Chap. 130) usually follows pharyngitis; patients have a facial flush, a "strawberry" tongue, and accentuated petechiae in body folds (Pastia's lines). Kawasaki disease (Chaps. 54 and 319) presents in the pediatric population as fissuring of the lips, a strawberry tongue, conjunctivitis, adenopathy, and sometimes cardiac abnormalities. Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (Chap. 130) manifests with hypotension, multiorgan failure, and often a severe group A streptococcal infection (., necrotizing fasciitis). . | Chapter 018. Fever and Rash Part 3 Confluent Desquamative Erythemas These eruptions consist of diffuse erythema frequently followed by desquamation. The eruptions caused by group A Streptococcus or Staphylococcus aureus are toxin mediated. Scarlet fever Chap. 130 usually follows pharyngitis patients have a facial flush a strawberry tongue and accentuated petechiae in body folds Pastia s lines . Kawasaki disease Chaps. 54 and 319 presents in the pediatric population as fissuring of the lips a strawberry tongue conjunctivitis adenopathy and sometimes cardiac abnormalities. Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome Chap. 130 manifests with hypotension multiorgan failure and often a severe group A streptococcal infection . necrotizing fasciitis . Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome Chap. 129 also presents with hypotension and multiorgan failure but usually only S. aureus colonization not a severe S. aureus infection is documented. Staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome Chap. 129 is seen primarily in children and in immunocompromised adults. Generalized erythema is often evident during the prodrome of fever and malaise profound tenderness of the skin is distinctive. In the exfoliative stage the skin can be induced to form bullae with light lateral pressure Nikolsky s sign . In a mild form a scarlatiniform eruption mimics scarlet fever but the patient does not exhibit a strawberry tongue or circumoral pallor. In contrast to the staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome in which the cleavage plane is superficial in the epidermis toxic epidermal necrolysis Chap. 56 a maximal variant of Stevens-Johnson syndrome involves sloughing of the entire epidermis resulting in severe disease. Exfoliative erythroderma syndrome Chaps. 53 and 56 is a serious reaction associated with systemic toxicity that is often due to eczema psoriasis mycosis fungoides or a severe drug reaction. Vesiculobullous Eruptions Varicella Chap. 173 is highly contagious often occurring in winter or spring. At any point .

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