TAILIEUCHUNG - Chapter 027. Aphasia, Memory Loss, and Other Focal Cerebral Disorders (Part 10)

Figure 27-3 Evidence of left hemispatial neglect and simultanagnosia. A. A 47-yearold man with a large frontoparietal lesion in the right hemisphere was asked to circle all the As. Only targets on the right are circled. This is a manifestation of left hemispatial neglect. B. A 70-year-old woman with a 2-year history of degenerative dementia was able to circle most of the small targets but ignored the larger ones. This is a manifestation of lesions and neoplasms in the right hemisphere are the most common causes of hemispatial neglect. Depending on the site of the lesion, the patient with. | Chapter 027. Aphasia Memory Loss and Other Focal Cerebral Disorders Part 10 Figure 27-3 Evidence of left hemispatial neglect and simultanagnosia. A. A 47-year-old man with a large frontoparietal lesion in the right hemisphere was asked to circle all the As. Only targets on the right are circled. This is a manifestation of left hemispatial neglect. B. A 70-year-old woman with a 2-year history of degenerative dementia was able to circle most of the small targets but ignored the larger ones. This is a manifestation of lesions and neoplasms in the right hemisphere are the most common causes of hemispatial neglect. Depending on the site of the lesion the patient with neglect may also have hemiparesis hemihypesthesia and hemianopia on the left but these are not invariant findings. The majority of patients display considerable improvement of hemispatial neglect usually within the first several weeks. Balint s Syndrome Simultanagnosia Dressing Apraxia and Construction Apraxia Bilateral involvement of the network for spatial attention especially its parietal components leads to a state of severe spatial disorientation known as Balint s syndrome. Balint s syndrome involves deficits in the orderly visuomotor scanning of the environment oculomotor apraxia and in accurate manual reaching toward visual targets optic ataxia . The third and most dramatic component of Balint s syndrome is known as simultanagnosia and reflects an inability to integrate visual information in the center of gaze with more peripheral information. The patient gets stuck on the detail that falls in the center of gaze without attempting to scan the visual environment for additional information. The patient with simultanagnosia misses the forest for the trees. Complex visual scenes cannot be grasped in their entirety leading to severe limitations in the visual identification of objects and scenes. For example a patient who is shown a table lamp and asked to name the object .

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