TAILIEUCHUNG - OCA /OCP Oracle Database 11g A ll-in-One Exam Guide- P19

OCA /OCP Oracle Database 11g A ll-in-One Exam Guide- P19:There is an ever increasing demand for staff with IT industry certification. The benefits to employers are significant—they can be certain that staff have a certain level of competence—and the benefits to the individuals, in terms of demand for their services, are equally great. Many employers are now requiring technical staff to have certifications, and many IT purchasers will not buy from firms that do not have certified staff. | OCA OCP Oracle Database 11g All-in-One Exam Guide 136 A Word on Oracle Net and Communication Protocols Oracle Net is a layered protocol it runs on top of whatever communications protocol is supported by your operating system. Historically Sqlnet could work with all the popular protocols with the exception of NetBIOS NetBEUI which has limited functionality and cannot be used for large database systems it cannot be routed but in release 11g Oracle s network support is limited to TCP TCP with secure sockets Windows Named Pipes or NMP and the newer Sockets Direct Protocol or SDP over Infiniband highspeed networks. This reduction in protocol support is in line with industry standards. All operating systems also have an Inter-Process Communication or IPC protocol proprietary to the operating system this is also available to Oracle Net for local connections where the user process is on the same machine as the server. This layering of Oracle Net on top of whatever is provided by your operating system provides Oracle platform independence. You as DBA do not need to know anything about the underlying network you configure Oracle Net to use whatever protocol has been configured by your network administrators. You need not concern yourself with what is happening at a lower networking layer. TCP is for better or worse undoubtedly the most popular protocol worldwide so that is the one used in the examples that follow. The use of industry standard protocols means that there need be no dependency between the server-side and the client-side platforms. There is no reason why for example a client on Windows cannot talk to a database on Unix. As long as the platform can offer a TCP layer 4 interface then Oracle Net can use it. With regard to conformance with the Open Systems Interconnection or OSI seven-layer model to which all IT vendors are supposed to comply Oracle Net maps on to layers 5 6 and 7 the session presentation and application layers. The protocol adapters installed with

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