TAILIEUCHUNG - Chapter 016. Back and Neck Pain (Part 12)

Algorithms for management of acute low back pain, age ≥18 years. A. Symptoms | Chapter 016. Back and Neck Pain Part 12 Algorithms for management of acute low back pain age 18 years. A. Symptoms 3 months first 4 weeks. B. Management weeks 4-12. 1 entry point from Algorithm C postoperatively or if patient declines surgery. C. Surgical options. NSAIDs nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs CBC complete blood count ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate UA urinalysis EMG electromyography NCV nerve conduction velocity studies MRI magnetic resonance imaging CT computed tomography CNS central nervous system. The initial assessment excludes serious causes of spine pathology that require urgent intervention including infection cancer and trauma. Risk factors for a serious cause of ALBP are shown in Table 16-1. Laboratory studies are unnecessary if risk factors are absent. Plain spine films or CT are rarely indicated in the first month of symptoms unless a spine fracture is suspected. Clinical trials have shown no benefit of 2 days of bed rest for uncomplicated ALBP. There is evidence that bed rest is also ineffective for patients with sciatica or for acute back pain with signs of nerve root injury. Similarly traction is not effective for ALBP. Possible advantages of early ambulation for ALBP include maintenance of cardiovascular conditioning improved disk and cartilage nutrition improved bone and muscle strength and increased endorphin levels. One trial of early vigorous exercise was negative but the value of less vigorous exercise or other exercise programs are unknown. Early resumption of normal physical activity without heavy manual labor is likely to be beneficial. Proof is lacking to support the treatment of acute back and neck pain with acupuncture transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation massage ultrasound diathermy magnets or electrical stimulation. Cervical collars can be modestly helpful by limiting spontaneous and reflex neck movements that exacerbate pain. Evidence regarding the efficacy of ice is lacking heat may provide a short-term .

• Y học thường thức
• Back and Neck Pain
• bệnh học và điều trị
• bài giảng bệnh học
• tài liệu học ngành y
• Harrisons Internal Medicine
• BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
• Neck pain
• Low back pain
• Concomitant neck
• Spinal pain
• Musculoskeletal pain
• Serial cross sectional design
• Neck and shoulder pain
• Back pain
• Body composition
• General population
• Primary care
• Psychological factors
• Population based study
• Ural eye
• Thoracic spine pain
• Appropriateness of care
• Spinal mobilization
• Spinal manipulation
• Chronic low back pain
• Chronic neck pain
• Patient preferences
• Treatment response
• Treatment disability
• Fear avoidance beliefs
• Work disability
• Return to work
• Brief intervention
• Proprioceptive training
• Systematic review
• Chiropractic care
• Visit frequency
• Behavioral model of health services use
• Muskuloskeletal manipulations
• Sports club participation
• Health promotion
• Fear–avoidance beliefs
• Psychosocial work factor
• 7 Steps to a Pain
• health education
• health knowledge
• health
• health care
• medical research