TAILIEUCHUNG - Optical Networks: A Practical Perspective - Part 69

Optical Networks: A Practical Perspective - Part 69. This book describes a revolution within a revolution, the opening up of the capacity of the now-familiar optical fiber to carry more messages, handle a wider variety of transmission types, and provide improved reliabilities and ease of use. In many places where fiber has been installed simply as a better form of copper, even the gigabit capacities that result have not proved adequate to keep up with the demand. The inborn human voracity for more and more bandwidth, plus the growing realization that there are other flexibilities to be had by imaginative use of the fiber, have led people. | 650 Photonic Packet Switching process the header and set the switches to switch the burst through when it arrives so that additional buffering is not needed for this purpose at the nodes. Overall burst switching is essentially a variation of PPS where packets have variable and fairly large sizes and little or no buffering is used at the nodes. Like packet switching one of the main issues with burst switching is to determine the buffer sizes needed at the nodes to achieve reasonable burst drop probabilities when there is contention. The same techniques that we discussed earlier in Section apply here as well. 1 6 Testbeds Several PPS testbeds have been built over the last few years and many are being built today. The main focus of most of these testbeds is the demonstration of certain key PPS functions such as multiplexing and demultiplexing routing switching header recognition optical clock recovery synchronization or bit-phase alignment pulse generation pulse compression and pulse storage. We will discuss some of these testbeds in the remainder of this section. The key features of these testbeds are summarized in Table . KEOPS KEOPS Keys to Optical Packet Switching Gam98 Gui98 RMGB97 was a significant project undertaken by a group of research laboratories and universities in Europe. Its predecessor was the ATMOS ATM optical switching project Mas96 RMGB97 . KEOPS demonstrated several of the building blocks for PPS and put together two separate demonstrators illustrating different switch architectures. The building blocks demonstrated include all-optical wavelength converters using cross-phase modulation in semiconductor optical amplifiers see Section up to 40 GHz a packet sychronizer at Gb s using a tunable delay line tunable lasers and low-loss integrated indium phosphide Mach-Zehnder-type electro-optic switches. The demonstrations of network functionality were performed at a data rate of Gb s and 10 Gb s with the packet header being .

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