TAILIEUCHUNG - Joe Celko s SQL for Smarties - Advanced SQL Programming P16

Joe Celko s SQL for Smarties - Advanced SQL Programming P16. In the SQL database community, Joe Celko is a well-known columnist and purveyor of valuable insights. In Joe Celko's SQL for Smarties: Advanced SQL Programming, he picks up where basic SQL training and experience leaves many database professionals and offers tips, techniques, and explanations that help readers extend their capabilities to top-tier SQL programming. Although Celko denies that the book is about database theory, he nevertheless alludes to theory often to buttress his practical points. This title is not for novices, as the author points out. Instead, its intended audience. | 122 CHAPTER 4 TEMPORAL DATA TYPES IN SQL Faced with all of the possibilities software vendors came up with various general ways of formatting dates for display. The usual ones are some mixtures of a two- or four-digit year a three-letter or two-digit month and a two-digit day within the month. Slashes dashes or spaces can separate the three fields. At one time NATO tried to use Roman numerals for the month to avoid language problems among treaty members. The United States Army did a study and found that the four-digit year three-letter month and two-digit day format was the least likely to be missorted misread or miswritten by English speakers. That is also the reason for 24-hour or military time. Today you want to set up a program to convert your data to conform to ISO-8601 Data Elements and Interchange Formats Information Interchange Representation of Dates and Times as a corporate standard and EDIFACT for EDI messages. This is the yyyy-mm-dd format that is part of Standard SQL and will become part of other standard programming languages as they add temporal data types. The full ISO-8601 timestamp can be either a local time or UTC GMT time. UTC is the code for Universal Coordinated Time which replaced the older GMT which was the code for Greenwich Mean Time if you listen to CNN you are used to hearing the term UTC but if you listen to BBC radio you are used to the term GMT . In 1970 the Coordinated Universal Time system was devised by an international advisory group of technical experts within the International Telecommunication Union ITU . The ITU felt it was best to designate a single abbreviation for use in all languages in order to minimize confusion. The two alternative original abbreviation proposals for the Universal Coordinated Time were CUT English Coordinated Universal Time and TUC French temps universel coordonné . UTC was selected both as a compromise between the French and English proposals and also because the C at the end looks more like an index .

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