TAILIEUCHUNG - COGNITION AND ECONOMICS PART 5

INSTINCT AND HABIT BEFORE REASON: COMPARING THE VIEWS OF JOHN DEWEY, FRIEDRICH HAYEK AND THORSTEIN VEBLEN. Among species on Earth, humans have the most developed capacity for reason, deliberation and conscious prefiguration | INSTINCT AND HABIT BEFORE REASON COMPARING THE VIEWS OF JOHN DEWEY FRIEDRICH HAYEK AND THORSTEIN VEBLEN Geoffrey M. Hodgson But in fact men are good and virtuous because of three things. These are nature habit or training reason. Aristotle 1962 p. 284 The Politics Among species on Earth humans have the most developed capacity for reason deliberation and conscious prefiguration. However humans have evolved from other species. Their unique attributes have emerged by the gradual accumulation of adaptations. Our capacity for reason did not appear as a sudden and miraculous event. Philosophers and social theories have long pondered the place of human reason in human behavior and creativity. The facts of human evolution have a big impact on such considerations. The concepts of instinct habit and reason are complex as is the relationship between them. Theories involving these concepts typically have many implications from the causes of human action to the nature of social order. The terms instinct and habit both carry some unfortunate intellectual baggage. Nevertheless for convenience I retain the word instinct as a tag for biologically inherited dispositions. Habit refers to learned dispositions. Cognition and Economics Advances in Austrian Economics Volume 9 109-143 Copyright 2007 by Elsevier Ltd. All rights of reproduction in any form reserved ISSN 1529-2134 doi S1529-2134 06 09005-3 109 110 GEOFFREY M. HODGSON Instincts are inherited through genes and habits through culture and institutions. This paper considers the work of three leading thinkers in this area namely Thorstein Veblen 1857-1929 John Dewey 1859-1952 and Friedrich Hayek 1899-1992 . Charles Darwin influenced all three and Darwinism is a benchmark against which they are compared. Although Darwinism profoundly influenced all three thinkers its impact in psychological terms was greatest on Veblen. Veblen was not a behaviorist and both Dewey and Hayek were resolute in their anti-behaviorism. But the .

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