TAILIEUCHUNG - Handbook of Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety in Engineering Design - Part 37

Handbook of Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety in Engineering Design - Part 37 studies the combination of various methods of designing for reliability, availability, maintainability and safety, as well as the latest techniques in probability and possibility modelling, mathematical algorithmic modelling, evolutionary algorithmic modelling, symbolic logic modelling, artificial intelligence modelling, and object-oriented computer modelling, in a logically structured approach to determining the integrity of engineering design. . | Theoretical Overview of Availability and Maintainability in Engineering Design 343 e Sizing Maximum or Design Capacity The effective capacities of multiple system operations or processes within the same engineering design installation are usually different. A bottleneck is a process that has the lowest effective capacity of any process in the designed installation and thus limits total output. Expansion of maximum or design capacity occurs only when bottleneck capacity is increased. However flexible flow processes may have floating bottlenecks due to widely varying workloads on different processes at different times. The theory of constraints TOC in designing for availability focuses on design alternatives that impede maximum capacity . bottlenecks with the objective of maximising total product or materials process flow Goldratt 1990 . Also the focus on bottlenecks is the means to increasing throughput and consequently the mass-flow rate of product and materials. The performance of the overall process design is a function of minimum bottleneck operations or processes. TOC provides the ability to descriptively characterise the functional relationships responsible for a typical complex process environment. Basically through the application of system dynamics SD models which are developed from TOC logic diagrams insights into the dynamics of design alternatives that impede maximum capacity are obtained. The application of TOC in designing for availability involves the following steps Identification of system bottleneck s . Exploitation of the bottleneck s . maximising throughput . Elevating the bottleneck s . considering increasing capacity at the bottleneck s . Criteria for sizing design capacity Besides increasing the capacity of system bottlenecks in order to expand design capacity further criteria for sizing design capacity are concerned with predicted process utilisation rates that are close to 100 indicating the need to increase capacity because of

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