TAILIEUCHUNG - The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 75

The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 75. The book is alphabetized by the whole headings of entries, as distinct from the first word of a heading. Hence, for example, abandonment comes before a priori and a posteriori. It is wise to look elsewhere if something seems to be missing. At the end of the book there is also a useful appendix on Logical Symbols as well as the appendices A Chronological Table of Philosophy and Maps of Philosophy. | 720 plagiarism difference between plagiarism and forgery is that a person plagiarizes when he tries to pass off another s work as his own but he forges when he tries to pass off his own work as another s. Both are prima facie morally wrong but the more difficult question is the aesthetic one Is there anything prima facie aesthetically wrong with either or both Some have argued for a Yes answer on the basis of the role that knowledge of authorship plays in aesthetic perception and discrimination while others have argued for a No answer on the basis of the irrelevance of plagiarism and forgery to aesthetic judgements respecting such things as cheques and articles in reference works such as this one. Now I wonder who the author of this article really is . There is very little philosophical literature on plagiarism but Denis Dutton ed. The Forger s Art Forgery and the Philosophy of Art Berkeley Calif. 1983 contains a number of good papers on forgery. Planck Max 1858-1947 . German physicist who discovered the formula for black-body radiation. Taking his cue from Boltzmann s statistical reformulation of the second law of thermodynamics he found that radiant energy may be treated statistically as ifit exchanged only in discrete amounts involving a new constant h subsequently known as Planck s constant. This prepared the way for Einstein s discovery that light could be treated as both wave and particle the two aspects being related through Planck s constant. This constant took on a universal significance when physicists later extended the theory from light to matter generally proposing that energy possessed by matter can be changed into radiant energy only in integral multiples of quanta. This set the foundation for quantum mechanics which inaugurated a revolutionary break with classical physics. Planck was awarded a Nobel Prize for his contribution to physics in 1918. The arrival of quantum mechanics gave rise to a variety of philosophical problems it presented .

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