TAILIEUCHUNG - The complete guide to the toefl IBT reading part 8

Fach trong tám bài học trong phần này covets một trong những loại chính của câu hỏi xuất hiện trong mục đọc của TOEFL iBT và được thiết kế để cung cấp cho bạn thực hành nhiều đoạn đọc và trả lời những câu hỏi-1 hướng dẫn ne cho phần này giúp bạn xây dựng vốn từ vựng của bạn. | 106 Section 1 Guide to Reading F Passage 1 A bird s territory may be small or large. Some males claim only their nest and the area right around it while others such as hawks claim immense territories which include their hunting areas. Gulls penguins and other waterfowls nest in huge colonies but even in the biggest colonies each male and his mate have tiny territories of their own immediately around their nest. Males defend their territories chiefly against other males of the same species. In some cases a warning call or a threatening pose may be the only defense that is needed but in other cases intruders may refuse to leave peacefully and a battle for the territory takes place. 1. Which of the following sentences best expresses the essential information in the sentence in bold O Usually a warning call is all that is required to get the invading bird to leave but sometimes a threatening pose is also needed. O If an intruder is threatened by the pose of the bird that occupies the territory a struggle will take place. O Sometimes the invader can be frightened away but sometimes the defender must fight. O The intruder generally frightens the defender with warning calls and threatening poses. Passage 2 Psychologist Abraham Maslowe believed that even though each person is a unique individual all humans have certain common needs. Maslowe identified these needs and put them in order from the most basic to the highest-level need. This hierarchy of needs has become the basis for many theories of motivation. The five classes of motivation are as follows 1. Physiological needs food water air etc. 2. Safety needs protection from threats 3. Love and social needs feelings of belonging and affection 4. Self-esteem needs feelings of self-worth achievement and recognition from others 5. Self-actualization needs fulfillment of one s ambitions Maslowe believed that individuals try to fulfill the most basic needs first. He suggested that a largely satisfied need it does not have to .

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