TAILIEUCHUNG - Preservation of fruit and vegetables - Part 2

3 Preparation Fruits and vegetables should be prepared for preservation as soon as possible after harvesting, in any case within 4 to 48 hours. The likelihood of spoilage increases rapidly as time passes. This chapter discusses preparation methods used for the various preservation methods discussed in Chapters 4 to 7 | 3 Preparation Fruits and vegetables should be prepared for preservation as soon as possible after harvesting in any case within 4 to 48 hours. The likelihood of spoilage increases rapidly as time passes. This chapter discusses preparation methods used for the various preservation methods discussed in Chapters 4 to 7. Cleaning and washing First the fruits or vegetables have to be thoroughly cleaned to remove any dirt or insecticide residues. The outer layers of onions also have to be removed. This cleaning process usually involves washing the products under a faucet with running drinking-water or in a bucket with clean water that is regularly refreshed. When cleaning leafy vegetables it is best to first remove the stems. Some types of fruit such as cherries strawberries and mushrooms are not washed because this would actually increase the spread of micro-organisms. It is also not advisable to wash cucumbers because this shortens their shelf-life. Dried beans and nuts are soaked in water for 16-20 hours before being processed further. To prevent the beans and nuts from turning black a stainless steel pan or bowl or other galvanized material should be used. The temperature of the soaking water should remain constant. Lye dip Some products such as plums and grapes are immersed for 5-15 seconds in a pan of hot almost boiling lye NaOH 10-20g lye litre water to make the peel rough and to thereby speed up the general drying process. The peel then also separates more readily from the fruit which makes it easier to remove. After such a treatment the fruit has to be rinsed vigorously with cold water to remove the lye residues. Lemon juice can also be used to neutralize any remaining lye residues. Preparation 15 The preparation method described above is considered to be ecologically harmful because alkaline is transported by the waste water into the environment. Other disadvantages of using lye are that the food can become discoloured and the metal pan could become .

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