TAILIEUCHUNG - The grammar of the english verb phrase part 39

Tham khảo tài liệu 'the grammar of the english verb phrase part 39', ngoại ngữ, ngữ pháp tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | V. More on the up-to-now reading of the perfect 259 subsituations in the pre-present which allows the hypersituation to involve gaps in between the actualizations of the subsituations or to consist of only one subsituation surrounded by gaps or even of one gap and zero subsituations as in How often have you met him since then I haven t met him at all since then. . In other words what determines this kind of constitution reading is that the speaker expresses the result of scanning the entire pre-present for situations actualizing within that period. Whether the result of counting the number of actualizations is zero one or more is irrelevant in all cases the hypersituation that is measured fills the entire pre-present period indicated by so far or since then in the above examples . The same is true if the measured hypersituation is expressed in a duration-quantifying form as in Six weeks have passed since then or Only a week has passed since the accident or Not even a week has passed since his funeral and his relatives are already quarrelling over the heritage . The only difference is that in this case the hypersituation does not include any gaps. It should be noted that this analysis does not imply that speakers perceive sentences like Only a week has passed since the accident I ve written only one article since then or I ve been running a small company as referring to a hypersituation. Ordinary language users do not take irrelevant gaps into account and do not treat single situations as potentially repetitive. However on the level of linguistic analysis we sometimes need to acknowledge the existence of gaps so that there is nothing wrong with speaking of a hypersituation even if there is only one subsituation as long as there is the theoretical possibility of the hypersituation involving several subsituations and gaps. This does not alter the fact that the unmarked interpretation of hypersituation is repetitive or otherwise complex situation consisting of several

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