TAILIEUCHUNG - Residential Energy Supply: Fuel Cells

For most of the time, electric energy supply was based on large centralized power stations, the biggest of them located close to coal mines. Electricity distribution traditionally is done by means of high voltage power lines feeding the electricity distribution grid. With time, electric utilities became large enterprises integrating electricity generation, distribution, and customer relations. Electricity generation mainly is powered by heat engines, their efficiency being determined by the temperature difference of the work fluid. Due to their location, most central power stations could not make use of the low-temperature waste heat resulting as a by-product of electricity generation | Residential Energy Supply Fuel Cells L Jorissen Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoff-Forschung Baden-Württemberg Ulm Germany 2009 Elsevier . All rights reserved. Introduction For most of the time electric energy supply was based on large centralized power stations the biggest of them located close to coal mines. Electricity distribution traditionally is done by means of high voltage power lines feeding the electricity distribution grid. With time electric utilities became large enterprises integrating electricity generation distribution and customer relations. Electricity generation mainly is powered by heat engines their efficiency being determined by the temperature difference of the work fluid. Due to their location most central power stations could not make use of the low-temperature waste heat resulting as a by-product of electricity generation. Due to cheap primary energy supply no charges on emissions and the position of the utilities there was no incentive to optimize the overall utilization of energy on the expense of electrical efficiency. Meanwhile the general situation has changed. Deregulation of the energy markets starting already in 1978 in the United States now also takes place in the European energy markets. Furthermore global warming and environmental concerns are putting pressure on the utilities to act. Efficient use of energy as well as the reduction of air pollution and carbon dioxide emissions are the key challenges in the twenty-first century. It is expected that a future energy portfolio will be consisting of a balanced mix of centralized power plants the use of renewable energies distributed generation DG and combined heat and power generation CHP . Fuel cells are electrochemical power sources converting the chemical energy contained in the fuel directly into electrical energy. Since the efficiency of fuel cells is not restricted by the Carnot cycle as is the case in heat engines one can expect higher efficiency of electricity .

TỪ KHÓA LIÊN QUAN
TAILIEUCHUNG - Chia sẻ tài liệu không giới hạn
Địa chỉ : 444 Hoang Hoa Tham, Hanoi, Viet Nam
Website : tailieuchung.com
Email : tailieuchung20@gmail.com
Tailieuchung.com là thư viện tài liệu trực tuyến, nơi chia sẽ trao đổi hàng triệu tài liệu như luận văn đồ án, sách, giáo trình, đề thi.
Chúng tôi không chịu trách nhiệm liên quan đến các vấn đề bản quyền nội dung tài liệu được thành viên tự nguyện đăng tải lên, nếu phát hiện thấy tài liệu xấu hoặc tài liệu có bản quyền xin hãy email cho chúng tôi.
Đã phát hiện trình chặn quảng cáo AdBlock
Trang web này phụ thuộc vào doanh thu từ số lần hiển thị quảng cáo để tồn tại. Vui lòng tắt trình chặn quảng cáo của bạn hoặc tạm dừng tính năng chặn quảng cáo cho trang web này.