TAILIEUCHUNG - The complete guide to the toefl test part 20

The Speaking Section of the TOEFL iBT is all new, and so is the Guide to Speaking in this book. There are two types of Speaking Tasks on the exam. Independent Speaking Tasks ask the test-taker to use his or her own knowledge and background as the topic of two short responses. | 108 Section 1 Guide to Reading 3. Which of the following sentences best expresses the information in the sentence in bold O The Canarsie could be considered tourists because they did not actually live in Manhattan. O Later the governor-general had to pay the real residents of Manhattan because the Canarsie had just been visiting. O Even in its earliest days Manhattan benefited greatly from tourism. O The Canarsie had to give the payment that they received for the island of Manhattan to another group because the Canarsie lived in a nearby area not in Manhattan itself. Passage 4 Until the late 1 700 s metal could not be turned on a lathe to make it uniformly smooth and round because a machinist could not guide the cutting tool evenly by hand against the turning piece. This problem was solved by the toolmaker David Wilkinson of Pawtucket Rhode Island. In 1798 he invented a machine tool in which the cutter was clamped onto a moveable slide that could be advanced precisely by hand crank parallel to the work. The slide rest lathe as it came to be called allowed the machinist to turn large pieces of metal very quickly and precisely. It permitted the manufacture of machine parts that are so uniform that they can be used interchangeably. Many people regard the slide rest lathe as one of the most important developments in the production of machine tools. Woodworking metalworking toolmaking and manufacturing were all revolutionized. Without this tool mass production would not have been possible. As it turns out the great British toolmaker Henry Maudsley had developed what was basically the same mechanism several years Lesson 5 Sentence Restatement Questions 109 earlier but this was unknown to Wilkinson and seems to be a case of great minds thinking in the same channels and so should not detract from his accomplishment in any way. Glossary lathe a tool in which a piece of metal or wood is spun on a horizontal surface while a blade of some kind cuts or shapes it machine tool a

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