TAILIEUCHUNG - Black's veterinary dictionary 21st edition - Q

Từ điển thú y vần Q | Q fever in snakes Many snakes imported into the USA are infested with ticks which transmitted Q fever to dockside workers handling a shipment of Ball pythons. Q Fever A disease first recognised in Australia in 1935 and now known to have a worldwide distribution Q fever is an infection of man cattle sheep goats fowls and rodents. In Iran serological evidence of Q fever has been found also in horses and camels. Cause A rickettsia Coxiella burnetii which is resistant to heat and drying and can be transmitted by ticks. Human infection can be acquired from these from inhalation and from drinking unpasteurised infected milk as well as from handling or coming into contact with the fetal membranes faeces or urine of infected animals. Signs In farm animals many Q fever infections may be present without obvious symptoms. However the rickettsia is a cause of abortion and less often of pneumonia. Incidence In the UK a preliminary survey showed that 2581 farms in England 553 in Wales and 240 in Scotland were infected. It has been found possible to isolate the parasite from 13 600-litre 3000-gallon milk tankers. In a survey sera from cattle and sheep in the northeast of Scotland were tested for antibodies to C. burnetii. Approximately 1 per cent of 4880 cattle had antibodies to the organism. These potentially infected cattle were distributed throughout the area. Two flocks of sheep were tested in one flock 30 per cent of sheep had antibodies while the other was negative. The flock with the high prevalence of C. burnetii antibodies appeared to be associated with an outbreak of human Q fever on that farm. Treatment Most antibiotics are rickettsiostat-ic rather than rickettsiocidal tetracycline has been used effectively. However the organism can remain dormant for long periods inside the host s body cells. Public health Acute Q fever may involve the liver and heart with resultant myocarditis . Mild cases may resemble food poisoning or influenza with headaches. Chronic Q fever .

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