TAILIEUCHUNG - Keyword Search in Databases- P26

Keyword Search in Databases- P26:Conceptually, a database can be viewed as a data graph GD(V ,E), where V represents a set of objects, and E represents a set of connections between objects. In this book, we concentrate on two kinds of databases, a relational database (RDB) and an XML database. In an RDB, an object is a tuple that consists of many attribute values where some attribute values are strings or full-text; there is a connection between two objects if there exists at least one reference from one to the other | 124 5. OTHER TOPICS FOR KEYWORD SEARCH ON DATABASES Global ObjectRank The global ObjectRank vector rG is defined as follows rG dArG 1 - d e Here d is a constant in 0 1 and rG is a vector of size n where rG i denotes the global ObjectRank for object Vi. The intuition behind the global ObjectRank is that an object is important if it is pointed by many other important objects. The global ObjectRank for each object is only related to the structure of the graph and is keyword independent. Keyword-specific ObjectRank For each keyword k the keyword-specific ObjectRank vector rk is defined as follows rk dArk 1 - d v n k Here n k is the number of objects that contain the keyword k and rk is a vector of size n where rk i denotes the ObjjectRank for object Vi with respect to keyword k. The intuition behind the keyword-specific ObjectRank is that an object is important if 1 it is pointed by many other important objects or 2 it contains a specific keyword k or it is pointed by many other important objects that contain the specific keyword k. Multiple-Keywords ObjectRank The keyword-specific ObjectRank only deals with one keyword. When there are multiple keywords Q ki k . ki they are combined to get the Multiple-Keywords ObjectRank score r Q depending on the different semantics. More specifically under the AND semantics it becomes rQ i n rk i keQ and under the OR semantics it becomes rQ i 2 rka i - rka i rkb i rka i rkb i rkc i - . a a b a b c The final ObjectRank The final object rank rG Q i for each object Vj with respect to the keyword query Q is defined as follows rGQ i rQ i rG i g where g is a parameter denoting the importance of the global ObjectRank in the final rank. Based on the final ObjectRank the top-k objects are returned to answer a given keyword query. Chakrabarti et al. 2006 studied the binary many to many relationships between objects and documents. For each object t suppose there are n documents associated with it denoted as Dt di d2 .

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