TAILIEUCHUNG - Japanese Is Possible - Lesson 06

Tham khảo tài liệu 'japanese is possible - lesson 06', ngoại ngữ, nhật - pháp - hoa- others phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Japanese is Possible! Lesson 6 Particles Galore ● Particles ● "Koto" ● New Words ● ko-so-a-do words Particles Japanese uses several particles to give most of the words in a sentence a purpose. Usually, many of the words in a sentence will be followed by a particle. Most are one syllable, a few are two syllables, and a precious few are more than that. The particle WA This particle tells that the preceding word is the topic of the sentence. A good way to translate it is as for. kono mise no ryouri wa oishii desu. [This store's food as for delicious is.] The food here is delicious. kore wa boku no mono desu. [this (as for) I ('s) thing is.] This is mine. Hiroshi wa tsuyoi desu. [Hiroshi (as for) strong is.] Hiroshi is strong. Difference between WA and GA People often confuse wa and ga, since usually ga marks the subject of a sentence, but wa often does as well. One way to think about ga is that it emphasizes the subject as in "this and not something else did." Wa often emphasizes the action or verb of the sentence. Take the following examples: Dare ga mise e itta ka. (Emphasis on dare) Jon san ga itta. (Emphasis on Jon) [Who sj store to went? John sj went.] Who went to the store? John did. Jon san wa doko e iku ka. (Emphasis on where Jon went) Jon san wa mise e iku. [John as for where to go? John as for store to go.] Where will John go? John will go to the store. The examples above illustrate an important point. When a question word is the subject of a sentence, it must be followed with ga not wa. Also, the subject of the response to the question must have ga after it as well. If you're interested in all the nuances, I'm sure there are several websites that have in-depth info. Also, try searching for newsgroup posts from about 1 or 2 years ago. There was a big discussion on about this very topic. I would also strongly recommend Making Sense of Japanese by Jay Rubin, listed on the book recommendation page. Example: kore ga hayai desu. This is

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