TAILIEUCHUNG - The official guide to the toefl ibt third edition part 11

If you click on the word, a definition appears in the lower left part of the screen. The 60 to 100 minutes allotted for this section include time for reading the passages and answering the questions. | TOEFL iBT Reading before Basilosaurus. The fossil luckily includes a good portion of the hind legs. The legs were strong and ended in long feet very much like those of a modern pinniped. The legs were certainly functional both on land and at sea. The whale retained a tail and lacked a fluke the major means of locomotion in modern cetaceans. The structure of the backbone shows however that Ambulocetus swam like modern whales by moving the rear portion of its body up and down even though a fluke was missing. The large hind legs were used for propulsion in water. On land where it probably bred and gave birth Ambulocetus may have moved around very much like a modern sea lion. It was undoubtedly a whale that linked life on land with life at sea. 1. Fluke the two parts that constitute the large triangular tail of a whale 2. Blowhole a hole in the top of the head used for breathing It should be obvious that cetaceans whales porpoises and dolphins are mammals. They breathe through lungs not through gills and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies the absence of hind legs and the presence of a fluke1 and blowhole2 cannot disguise their affinities with land-dwelling mammals. However unlike the cases of sea otters and pinnipeds seals sea lions and walruses whose limbs are functional both on land and at sea it is not easy to envision what the first whales looked like. Extinct but already fully marine cetaceans are known from the fossil record. How was the gap between a walking mammal and a swimming whale bridged Missing until recently were fossils clearly intermediate or transitional between land mammals and cetaceans. 1. Fluke the two parts that constitute the large triangular tail of a whale 2. Blowhole a hole in the top of the head used for breathing Directions Mark your answer by filling in the oval next to your choice. 1. In paragraph 1 what does the author say about the presence of a blowhole in cetaceans O It clearly indicates that cetaceans are mammals. O .

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