TAILIEUCHUNG - Calculus: An Integrated Approach to Functions and their Rates of Change, Preliminary Edition Part 79

Calculus: An Integrated Approach to Functions and their Rates of Change, Preliminary Edition Part 79. A major complaint of professors teaching calculus is that students don't have the appropriate background to work through the calculus course successfully. This text is targeted directly at this underprepared audience. This is a single-variable (2-semester) calculus text that incorporates a conceptual re-introduction to key precalculus ideas throughout the exposition as appropriate. This is the ideal resource for those schools dealing with poorly prepared students or for schools introducing a slower paced, integrated precalculus/calculus course | CHAPTER 24 The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus DEFINITE INTEGRALS AND THE FUNDAMENTAL THEOREM We concluded the previous chapter with the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus version 1. If f is continuous on a b then f f t dt is differentiable on a b and d fx f t dt f x . dx Ja One reason this result is so exciting is that we can use it to obtain a simple and beautiful method for computing deflnite integrals. Let s look at how this result helps us compute fOb f t dt where a and b are constants. Definition A function F is an antiderivative of f if its derivative is f that is F is an antiderivative of f if F f. Recall that if two functions have the same derivative then they differ only by an additive constant. In other words if F and G are both antiderivatives of f . if F G f then F x G x C for some constant C. Using this terminology we can rephrase our last result as follows. Suppose c is between a and b. 761 762 CHAPTER 24 The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus fW s an ve of f x . the denvefve of f S . Let F x be any antiderivative of f x . Then F x ff f t dt C for some constant C. Any two antiderivatives of f differ only by an additive constant. It follows that F b I f t dt C and F a jf f t dt C. Suppose that we want to compute fb f t dt. We know that b c b f t dt f t dt f t dt by the splitting interval property of deflnite a a c integrals Consequently bb f t dt f t dt f t dt using the endpoint reversal property of c c deflnite integrals F b C F a C F b F a We ve shown that f f t dt F b F a . This is the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus version 2. Let f be continuous on a b . If F is an antiderivative of f that is F f then f t dt F b F a . The Fundamental Theorem tells us that to compute the signed area between the graph of f and the horizontal axis over the interval a b we need only flnd an antiderivative F of f and compute the difference F b F a . Recall that our working deflnition of f f t dt is limn OT EL 1 f xi Ax where we partition a b into n equal pieces each

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