TAILIEUCHUNG - Materials Data Book
The data and information in this booklet have been collected for use in the Materials Courses in Part I of the Engineering Tripos (as well as in Part II, and the Manufacturing Engineering Tripos). Numerical data are presented in tabulated and graphical form, and a summary of useful formulae is included. A list of sources from which the data have been prepared is given below. Tabulated material and process data or information are from the Cambridge Engineering Selector (CES) software (Educational database Level 2), copyright of Granta Design Ltd, and are reproduced by permission; the same data source was used for | 1 Materials Data Book 2003 Edition Cambridge University Engineering Department 2 PHYSICAL CONSTANTS IN SI UNITS Absolute zero of temperature – °C Acceleration due to gravity, g 9. 807 m/s2 26 Avogadro’s number, N A /kmol Base of natural logarithms, e Boltzmann’s constant, k x 10–26 kJ/K Faraday’s constant, F x 107 C/kmol Universal Gas constant, R kJ/kmol K –6 Permeability of vacuum, µo x 10 H/m –12 Permittivity of vacuum, εo x 10 F/m Planck’s constant, h x 10–37 kJ/s Velocity of light in vacuum, c x 108 m/s Volume of perfect gas at STP m3/kmol CONVERSION OF UNITS Angle, θ 1 rad ° Energy, U See inside back cover Force, F 1 kgf N 1 lbf N Length, l 1 ft mm 1 inch mm 1 Å nm Mass, M 1 tonne 1000 kg 1 lb kg Power, P See inside back cover Stress, σ See inside back cover Specific Heat, Cp 1 cal/g.°C kJ/ Stress Intensity, K 1 ksi in MPa m Temperature, T 1 °F K o Thermal Conductivity, λ 1 cal/. C W/ Volume, V 1 Imperial gall x 10–3 m3 1 US gall x 10–3 m3 2 Viscosity, η 1 poise 1 lb 1 CONTENTS Page Number Introduction 3 Sources 3 I. FORMULAE AND DEFINITIONS Stress and strain 4 Elastic moduli 4 Stiffness and strength of unidirectional composites 5 Dislocations and plastic flow 5 Fast fracture 6 Statistics of fracture 6 Fatigue 7 Creep 7 Diffusion 8 Heat flow 8 II. PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS Melting temperature 9 Density 10 Young’s modulus 11 Yield stress and tensile strength 12 Fracture toughness 13 Environmental resistance 14 Uniaxial tensile response of selected metals and polymers 15 III. MATERIAL PROPERTY CHARTS Young’s modulus versus density 16 Strength versus density 17 Young’s modulus versus strength 18 Fracture toughness versus strength 19 Maximum service temperature 20 Material price (per kg) 21 IV. PROCESS ATTRIBUTE CHARTS Material-process compatibility matrix .
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