TAILIEUCHUNG - Color Atlas of Pharmacology (Part 3): Distribution in the Body

Distribution in the Body proceeds rapidly, because the absorbing surface is greatly enlarged due to the formation of the epithelial brush border (submicroscopic foldings of the plasmalemma). The absorbability of a drug is characterized by the absorption quotient, that is, the amount absorbed divided by the amount in the gut available for absorption. In the respiratory tract, cilia-bearing epithelial cells are also joined on the luminal side by zonulae occludentes, so that the bronchial space and the interstitium are separated by a continuous phospholipid barrier. With sublingual or buccal application, a drug encounters the non-keratinized, multilayered squamous epithelium of the. | 22 Distribution in the Body External Barriers of the Body Prior to its uptake into the blood . during absorption a drug has to overcome barriers that demarcate the body from its surroundings . separate the internal milieu from the external milieu. These boundaries are formed by the skin and mucous membranes. When absorption takes place in the gut enteral absorption the intestinal epithelium is the barrier. This singlelayered epithelium is made up of ente-rocytes and mucus-producing goblet cells. On their luminal side these cells are joined together by zonulae occlu-dentes indicated by black dots in the inset bottom left . A zonula occludens or tight junction is a region in which the phospholipid membranes of two cells establish close contact and become joined via integral membrane proteins semicircular inset left center . The region of fusion surrounds each cell like a ring so that neighboring cells are welded together in a continuous belt. In this manner an unbroken phospholipid layer is formed yellow area in the schematic drawing bottom left and acts as a continuous barrier between the two spaces separated by the cell layer - in the case of the gut the intestinal lumen dark blue and the interstitial space light blue . The efficiency with which such a barrier restricts exchange of substances can be increased by arranging these occluding junctions in multiple arrays as for instance in the endothelium of cerebral blood vessels. The connecting proteins connexins furthermore serve to restrict mixing of other functional membrane proteins ion pumps ion channels that occupy specific areas of the cell membrane. This phospholipid bilayer represents the intestinal mucosa-blood barrier that a drug must cross during its enteral absorption. Eligible drugs are those whose physicochemical properties allow permeation through the lipophilic membrane interior yellow or that are subject to a special carrier transport mechanism. Absorption of such drugs proceeds rapidly because

• Y học thường thức
• Distribution in the Body
• Color Atlas of Pharmacology
• bản đồ màu của dược
• giáo trình dược sĩ
• tài liệu học ngành dược
• BMC Cancer
• Breast cancer
• Body mass index
• Body fat distribution
• Waist circumference
• Body composition
• Percent body fat
• BMC Veterinary Research
• Body weight distribution
• Digital scales
• Spinal cord injury
• Static weight distribution
• Body energy
• Etroplus suratensis
• Mean energy density
• Distribution of body energy
• Edible portion of immature fish
• BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
• Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture
• Percutaneous vertebroplasty
• Bone cement distribution
• Vertebral body height
• Vertebral body recompression
• Fat distribution
• Visceral fat
• Subcutaneous fat
• Adipose tissue
• Intra abdominal fat
• Colour atlas of pharmacology
• General pharmacology
• Systems pharmacology
• cellular sites of action
• Elseviers integrated physiology
• The regulation of normal body function
• The integument
• Body fluid distribution
• Cellular function
• Musculoskeletal system
• Blood and hematopoiesis
• BMC Pediatrics
• Body mass index distribution
• Sex differences
• BMI z scores
• Paediatrics Clinic
• Waist to hip ratio
• Dual energy X ray absorptiometry
• Lumbar spine
• Intervertebral disc
• Fat mass
• Fat free mass
• Full body chest lumbar cushion made of memory cotton
• Traditional chest cushion
• Standard lateral position
• Interface pressure
• Repeated measures
• Heart disease
• Age wise distribution
• Geriatric population
• External environment
• Body to maintain homeostatic balance
• Digital pain drawings
• Pain distribution
• Patellofemoral pain
• Chronic knee pain
• Young adults
• Study of the vortex dynamics
• Bird's body type fuselage
• Constant canard deflection angle
• Computational fluid dynamics
• Surface pressure distribution
• trình bày báo cáo
• tài liệu báo cáo khoa học
• báo cáo y học
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• Sterilizing Value
• Heat Distribution
• Canning Process
• Ice Temperature
• Storage Technology
• Maillard Reaction
• Renal physiology
• A clinical approach
• Getting started
• The approach to renal physiology
• The body’s compartments
• The distribution of fluid
• Review questions
• Endometrial cancer
• Multiple cancer types
• Estradiol metabolism
• Controlled suppression
• Linear mixed modeling
• Hematoma formation
• Hydrostatic physical model
• Inclination angle
• Glenoid anteversion
• Glenoid retroversion
• Bone mineralization
• Progressive disease