TAILIEUCHUNG - Digital Signal Processing Handbook P52

Digital representation of images is important for digital transmission and storage on differentmedia suchasmagnetic or laser disks. However, pictorial material requires vast amounts of bits if represented throughdirectquantization. As an example, anSVGAcolor image requires 3 600 800bytes D 1; 44 Mbytes when each color component is quantized using 1 byte per pixel, the amount of bytes that can be stored on one standard diskette. | Ramstad . Still Image Compression Digital Signal Processing Handbook Ed. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas B. Williams Boca Raton CRC Press LLC 1999 1999 by CRC Press LLC 52 Still Image Compression1 Tor A. Ramstad Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU Introduction Signal Chain Compressibility of Images The Ideal Coding System Coding with Reduced Complexity Signal Decomposition Decomposition by Transforms Decomposition by Filter Banks Optimal Transforms Filter Banks Decomposition by Differential Coding Quantization and Coding Strategies Scalar Quantization Vector Quantization Efficient Use of Bit-Resources Frequency Domain Coders The JPEG Standard Improved Coders State-of-the-Art Fractal Coding Mathematical Background Mean-Gain-Shape Attractor Coding Discussion Color Coding References Introduction Digital representation of images is important for digital transmission and storage on different media such as magnetic or laser disks. However pictorial material requires vast amounts of bits if represented through direct quantization. Asan example anSVGA colorimage requires 3 x600x800bytes 1 44 Mbytes when each color component is quantized using 1 byte per pixel the amount of bytes that can be stored on one standard diskette. It is therefore evident that compression often called coding is necessary for reducing the amount of data 33 . In this chapter we address three fundamental questions concerning image compression Why is image compression possible What are the theoretical coding limits Which practical compression methods can be devised The first two questions concern statistical and structural properties of the image material and human visual perception. Even if we were able to answer these questions accurately the methodol 1Parts of this manuscript are based on Ramtad TA. Aase . and Husoy . Subband Compression of Images Principles and Examples Elsevier Science Publishers BV North Holland 1995. Permission

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