TAILIEUCHUNG - Gale Encyclopedia Of American Law 3Rd Edition Volume 11 P33

Gale Encyclopedia of American Law Volume 11 P33 fully illuminates today's leading cases, major statutes, legal terms and concepts, notable persons involved with the law, important documents and more. Legal issues are fully discussed in easy-to-understand language, including such high-profile topics as the Americans with Disabilities Act, capital punishment, domestic violence, gay and lesbian rights, physician-assisted suicide and thousands more. | MILESTONES IN THE LAW GIDEON V. WAINWRIGHT 307 In the Supreme Court of the United States November 1962 BRIEF FOR THE PETITIONER NO. 155 CLARENCE EARL GIDEON PETITIONER v. LOUIE L. WAINWRIGHT DIRECTOR DIVISION OF CORRECTIONS RESPONDENT. No. 155. Argued November 21 1962 On Writ of Certiorari to the Supreme Court of The State of Florida Brief for the Petitioner Of Counsel Abe Krash Ralph Temple Arnold Fortas Porter 1229 19th Street . Washington 6 D. C. Abe Fortas 1229 19th Street . Washington 6 D. C. Attorney for Petitioner --VOL- TABLE OF CONTENTS Summary Statement of the Case Opinion Below Jurisdiction Constitutional Provisions and Statutes Involved Questions Presented Summary of Argument Argument I. The Fourteenth Amendment Requires That Counsel Be Appointed to Represent an Indigent Defendant in Every Criminal Case Involving a Serious Offense 1. The Aid of Counsel Is Indispensable to a Fair Hearing 2. The Absolute Requirement of Counsel in Federal Prosecutions Confirms the Need for an Attorney 3. The Trial Judge Cannot Act as Defense Counsel Counsel for Petitioner wishes to acknowledge the valuable assistance rendered in connection with this brief by John Hart Ely a third year student at the Yale Law School New Haven Connecticut. 4. The Distinction Between Capital and NonCapital Offenses Does Not Furnish a Valid Basis for Deciding When to Appoint Counsel 5. Denial of Counsel to the Indigent Violates Both Due Process and Equal Protection II. The Demands of Federalism Do Not Dictate Continued Adherence to Betts. v. Brady 1. The Great Majority of the States Now Make Provision for the Appointment of Counsel in All Felony Cases Either Explicitly or as a Matter of Practice 2. Betts v. Brady Has Created Friction Between the States and the Federal Courts 3. Experimentation by the States Will Not Be Eliminated If the Special Circumstances Test Is Jettisoned III. The Rule of Betts v. Brady Has Not Proved to be a Satisfactory Standard for Judicial Administration IV. The

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