TAILIEUCHUNG - Gale Encyclopedia Of American Law 3Rd Edition Volume 8 P36

Gale Encyclopedia of American Law Volume 8 P36 fully illuminates today's leading cases, major statutes, legal terms and concepts, notable persons involved with the law, important documents and more. Legal issues are fully discussed in easy-to-understand language, including such high-profile topics as the Americans with Disabilities Act, capital punishment, domestic violence, gay and lesbian rights, physician-assisted suicide and thousands more. | 338 REPRODUCTION Restricting Antiabortion Protests The legalization of abortion resulted in the creation of many groups opposed to the medical procedure. Some groups have sought to take away this reproductive right by lobbying Congress and state legislatures and others have picketed outside clinics that offer abortion services. In the 1990s groups such as Operation Rescue sought to prevent abortions by organizing mass demonstrations outside clinics and blockading their entrances as well as confronting and impeding women seeking to enter the clinics. Clinics responded by obtaining court injunctions that restricted how close abortion protestors could get to clinic property. Abortion protestors claimed that these court orders violated their First Amendment rights of assembly and free speech. The . Supreme Court in Schenck v. ProChoice Network of Western New York 519 . 357 117 S. Ct. 855 137 L. Ed. 2d 1 1997 clarified what types of restrictions a judge could impose on abortion clinic protests. The Court upheld an injunction provision that imposed a fixed buffer zone around the abortion clinic. In this case the buffer zone affected protests within 15 feet from either side or edge of or in front of doorways or doorway entrances parking lot entrances and driveways and driveway entrances. Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist ruled that the government had an interest in ensuring public safety and order promoting free flow of traffic protecting property rights and protecting a woman s freedom to seek pregnancy-related services. The Court did strike down a provision concerning floating buffer zones. These zones which prohibited demonstrations within 15 feet of any person or vehicle seeking access to or leaving abortion facilities burdened more speech than was necessary to serve the government interests cited in support of fixed zones. Thus protestors were free to approach persons outside the 15-foot fixed buffer zone. In 2000 though the Court again considered the issue of

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