TAILIEUCHUNG - Lịch khai giảng trong các hệ thống thời gian thực P2

Scheduling of Independent Tasks This chapter deals with scheduling algorithms for independent tasks. The first part of this chapter describes four basic algorithms: rate monotonic, inverse deadline, earliest deadline first, and least laxity first. These algorithms deal with homogeneous sets of tasks, where tasks are either periodic or aperiodic. However, real-time applications often require both types of tasks. In this context, periodic tasks usually have hard timing constraints and are scheduled with one of the four basic algorithms. . | Scheduling in Real-Time Systems. Francis Cottet Joëlle Delacroix Claude Kaiser and Zoubir Mammeri Copyright 2002 John Wiley Sons Ltd. ISBN 0-470-84766-2 2 Scheduling of Independent Tasks This chapter deals with scheduling algorithms for independent tasks. The first part of this chapter describes four basic algorithms rate monotonic inverse deadline earliest deadline first and least laxity first. These algorithms deal with homogeneous sets of tasks where tasks are either periodic or aperiodic. However real-time applications often require both types of tasks. In this context periodic tasks usually have hard timing constraints and are scheduled with one of the four basic algorithms. Aperiodic tasks have either soft or hard timing constraints. The second part of this chapter describes scheduling algorithms for such hybrid task sets. There are two classes of scheduling algorithms Off-line scheduling algorithms a scheduling algorithm is used off-line if it is executed on the entire task set before actual task activation. The schedule generated in this way is stored in a table and later executed by a dispatcher. The task set has to be fixed and known a priori so that all task activations can be calculated off-line. The main advantage of this approach is that the run-time overhead is low and does not depend on the complexity of the scheduling algorithm used to build the schedule. However the system is quite inflexible to environmental changes. On-line scheduling a scheduling algorithm is used on-line if scheduling decisions are taken at run-time every time a new task enters the system or when a running task terminates. With on-line scheduling algorithms each task is assigned a priority according to one of its temporal parameters. These priorities can be either fixed priorities based on fixed parameters and assigned to the tasks before their activation or dynamic priorities based on dynamic parameters that may change during system evolution. When the task set is fixed task

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