TAILIEUCHUNG - Nickel and ITS Alloys

Nickel, the 24th element in abundance, has an average content of in the outer 10 miles of the earth's crust. This is greater than the total for copper, zinc, and lead. However, few of these deposits scattered throughout the world are of commercial importance. Oxide ores commonly called laterites are largely distributed in the tropics. | CHAPTER 5__ NICKEL AND ITS ALLOYS T. H. Bassford Jim Hosier Inco Alloys International Inc. Huntington West Virginia INTRODUCTION 71 HEAT TREATMENT 84 Reducing Atmosphere 84 NICKEL ALLOYS 72 Prepared Atmosphere 85 Classification of Alloys 72 Discussion and Applications 72 WELDING 86 CORROSION 80 MACHINING 86 FABRICATION 82 CLOSURE 88 Resistance to Deformation 82 Strain Hardening 82 INTRODUCTION Nickel the 24th element in abundance has an average content of in the outer 10 miles of the earth s crust. This is greater than the total for copper zinc and lead. However few of these deposits scattered throughout the world are of commercial importance. Oxide ores commonly called laterites are largely distributed in the tropics. The igneous rocks contain high magnesium contents and have been concentrated by weathering. Of the total known ore deposits more than 80 is contained in laterite ores. The sulfide ores found in the northern hemispheres do not easily concentrate by weathering. The sulfide ores in the Sudbury district of Ontario which contain important byproducts such as copper cobalt iron and precious metals are the world s greatest single source of Nickel has an atomic number of 28 and is one of the transition elements in the fourth series in the periodic table. The atomic weight is and density is g cm3. Useful properties of the element are the modulus of elasticity and its magnetic and magnetostrictive properties and high thermal and electrical conductivity. Hydrogen is readily adsorbed on the surface of nickel. Nickel will also adsorb other gases such as carbon monoxide carbon dioxide and ethylene. It is this capability of surface adsorption of certain gases without forming stable compounds that makes nickel an important As an alloying element nickel is used in hardenable steels stainless steels special corrosionresistant and .

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