TAILIEUCHUNG - Chapter 2: Batteries for Electrically Powered Industrial Trucks

Electrically powered road vehicles are currently more and more debated and many new prototypes of vehicles and batteries have been presented, . at the 18th International Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition in October 2001 in Berlin, Germany, the world’s largest event on this topic under the motto ‘‘Clean and efficient mobility for the millennium’’. | 2 Batteries for Electrically Powered Industrial Trucks H. A. KIEHNE INTRODUCTION Electrically powered road vehicles are currently more and more debated and many new prototypes of vehicles and batteries have been presented . at the 18th International Battery Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition in October 2001 in Berlin Germany the world s largest event on this topic under the motto Clean and efficient mobility for the millennium . While for materials handling battery-powered trucks elevating trucks forklifts and other vehicles for internal factory transportation have been used for decades today the market for electric road vehicles seems to be open only in some niches because of the relative higher initial costs. As environmental laws tighten and oil and gasoline become more expensive battery-powered machinery gains importance in more than one regard. Table gives a view of the variety of battery electric powered vehicles. For more on electric road vehicles see Chapter 4. DEMANDS OF THE MARKET The demands concerning batteries can be listed in short as follows Easy service long service intervals maintenance freedom highest possible performance at unchanged weight and size. All of the above are expected in connection with optimized service life. Copyright 2003 by Expert Verlag. All Rights Reserved. Table Battery powered vehicles. Traffic range Rooms in Roads and Type of vehicle buildings Outdoor streets Rails Water Air Land operating vehicles Materials handling trucks - Forklift trucks - Pedestrian and pallet trucks -Tow tractors - AGVs Special operating machines - Cleaning machines Rail vehicles - Locomotives - Mining locomotives - Railway coaches Electric road vehicles - Bicycles motorcycles - Wheelchairs - Passenger cars - Vans - Lorries trucks - Motor coaches buses Ships Aircrafts The vehicles must be of rugged design the same goes for the batteries powering them they should be indifferent to exhaustive discharge and .

• Điện - Điện tử
• Batteries
• Electrically Powered Industrial Trucks
• energy
• volume ratios
• service life
• The Disposal of Portable Batteries
• Basic Prerequisites for Recycling
• Lead Batteries
• Batteries Containing Mercury
• Metal Hydride Batteries
• Cell balancing on three cell lithium polymer batteries connected in series
• Three cell lithium polymer batteries connected in series
• Three cell lithium polymer batteries connected
• The designed circuit
• Stationary Power Supply
• stationary batteries
• cell design
• plate design
• Standards for batteries
• Regulations for Batteries
• Battery Plants
• International Electrotechnical Commission
• En Standards
• International Journal of Computer Science & Communication Networks
• Optimization of charging current
• Soh estimation for lead acid batteries
• Lead acid batteries
• Design the desired current profile
• Ionic conductivity
• Ionic liquid
• Li ion batteries
• Electrochemical properties
• Lithium ion batteries
• Mixed electrolyte
• Lithium Batteries
• The Latest Variant
• Portable Electrical Energy
• High Cell Voltage
• Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries
• electronics
• perfect
• mobile world
• battery life
• battery usage
• battery power
• Maintenance
• Free Lead Batteries
• Immobilized Electrolyte
• Gel System
• AGM System
• Batteries for Electric Road Vehicles
• raw materials
• solution to the range problem
• battery requirements
• alternatives to lead acid systems
• High Energy Batteries
• zebra battery
• ZEBRA Cell Design
• ZEBRA Battery Design
• Battery System Design
• Safety Standards
• Battery Installations
• Hazards Caused by Electricity
• Explosive Charging Gases
• The Operation of Batteries
• concept of energy reserve
• operation conditions
• battery installation
• quality management
• Motor Vehicle Starter Batteries
• electrical properties
• standardization of battery characteristics
• new dvelopment requirements
• Construction
• The IEC Designation System
• Primary Batteries Defined
• IEC Standard 60 0861
• Dimensions
• Solar Electric Power Supply
• Calculation of the Mean Supply
• Evaluation of the System
• The Solar Generator
• Công nghệ hóa
• Soft Chemistry
• Superfine powder alloys AB
• Ni MH batteries
• Hóa hữu cơ
• Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology
• Synthesis of Ag2O CNTs nanocomposite
• Ag2O carbon nanotubes
• Cathode material for zinc silver batteries
• Chemical reduction method
• An approach to balance state of charges
• Distributed batteries in virtual power plants
• DC distribution network
• Communications in Physics
• Electrochemical performance of Na0
• 44Mno2 synthesized
• Hydrothermal method using as a cathode material
• Sodium ion batteries
• Sodium ion battery
• Stable during cycling
• Vietnam Journal of Chemistry
• Synthesis and electrochemical performance
• Fe2(MoO4)3 cathode for sodium ion batteries
• X ray diffraction spectroscopy
• The field emission scanning electron microscopy
• The morphologies of the sample
• Rice husk
• Cathode material
• Carbonization process
• Activated carbon
• Lithium sulfur batteries
• Advanced materials and devices
• Luận án Tiến sĩ
• Summary of Chemistry doctoral thesis
• LiFexM1 xPO4/graphene nanocomposite
• Improve electrochemical properties
• Journal of Chemistry
• Pb–Ca–Sn alloys
• Recycled lead
• Boric acid
• Cyclic voltammograms (CVs)